Social Psychology Research

Abstract Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between risk perception and addiction, considering the mediating role of social health among motorcyclists in District 12 of Tehran Municipality.
Method: This study employed a correlational design using regression analysis to predict risk perception based on addiction, with social health as a mediating variable. The statistical population consisted of all motorcyclists referring to addiction treatment clinics in District 12 of Tehran Municipality. A purposive sample of 300 participants was selected. Data were collected using the Motorcyclists' Risk Perception Questionnaire (Elliot et al., 2008), the Substance Use Disorder Questionnaire (Berman et al., 2005), and the Social Health Questionnaire (Safarinia, 2010).
Results: The results of stepwise regression analysis revealed that addiction significantly predicted risk perception (β = -1.22, p < 0.001). Social health (β = 0.146) and its dimensions—including social flourishing (β = 0.111), social cohesion (β = 0.282), social acceptance (β = 0.615), and social participation (β = 0.662)—also significantly predicted risk perception. Furthermore, social health demonstrated a significant negative correlation with addiction (r = -0.223, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that addiction may diminish motorcyclists' risk perception, both directly and indirectly through its negative association with social health. This reduction in risk perception may subsequently contribute to an increased likelihood of traffic accidents. The results underscore the importance of considering social health factors in interventions aimed at reducing risky driving behaviors among motorcyclists.

Abstract Introduction:The concept of social health is a concept that has been considered along with the physical and mental dimensions of health. Promoting social health includes areas of social action to develop the level of health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between resilience and social support with social health with the moderating role of self-compassion in students of Payame Noor University, South Tehran Branch.
Method: The design of the present study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study was all students of Payame Noor University, South Tehran Branch in the academic year 2016-2017. And responded online to the Keys and Shapiro (2004) Social Health Questionnaire, the Neff Self-Compassion Scale (2003), the Connor & Davidson (2003) Resilience Questionnaire, and the Zimet et al.'s Social Support Questionnaire (1988). 
Results: multiple regression analysis showed that the resilience component predicts 34% and social support 27% of the variance of social health. Also, resilience and social support indirectly and with their modulating role, compassion predicts 24% and 4% of the variance of social health, respectively. Self-compassion also has a 39% positive effect on explaining social health.
Conclusion: Social health can be enhanced through factors such as resilience and social support, and in the meantime, the more self-compassion people have, the more desirable it can be.

Abstract Introduction:With the increase of the elderly, the issue of their health and well-being in the society is becoming more widespread every day. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mental and social health in sexual health of elderly women.
Method:This research has been an applied type that was done by descriptive- correlational method. The statistical population of the study was the elderly women of Tehran, out of which 220 elderly women were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Data were obtained through Short Form Symptom Checklist-25-Revised (Najarian & Davoodi,1380), Keyes Social Health (Keyes,2004) and Women's Sexual Function Index (Rosen, 2000). Data were analyzed using Statistical methods of correlation and regression analysis.
Results:The results showed that there is a significant relationship between mental and social health with sexual health of elderly women (p <0.01).The mental health components (somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, phibic, paranoid thinking, psychoticism and aggression) inversely and significantly, and the social health components (social actualization, social coherence, social integration, social acceptance and social contribution) directly and significantly are related to the sexual health of elderly women.
Conclusion:The results of regression analysis also showed that mental and social health are predictors of sexual health in elderly women, which mental health is a stronger predictor than social health.Based on this, it can be concluded that women's sexual function is a multidimensional process and it seems that factors such as psychological components like anxiety and depression and social components like social acceptance can affect women's sexual health.

Abstract Introduction: To develop social health in the macro dimension in any society is a sign of prosperity and progress, and this is not possible without providing a local and functional model appropriate to the conditions of society. The present study compiles social health indicators from the perspective of urban health.
Method:  In order to develop the social dimensions of health from the perspective of urban management, the survey method was used. The statistical population of the study consisted of all experts in the field of social health and city managers, 311 of whom were selected by available means from Tehran. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire with 20 indicators and 114 markers, with Cronbach's alpha of 0.975, which was used in the field (interview, focus group discussion and Delphi) according to a group of social health experts and senior urban managers to The study of social health indicators from the perspective of urban management in Iran was designed. Exploratory factor analysis was used to analyze the information and compile the indicators.
Results: The results of exploratory analysis showed that there were 20 indicators and 114 indicators as social components of health from the perspective of urban management.
Conclusion: By identifying indicators and indicators of urban social health, they can be accredited and standardized in Iran, and by preparing a checklist based on this model, we can help promote social health in urban plans and projects.

Abstract Introduction: Social health is one of the most basic measures of social well-being in any society and it is effective in improving the quality of life of every society and in a way provides for the well-being and well-being of one's life and collective life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychological and social capital and social health concerning the mediator variable of social support.
Method: The method of research was descriptive – correlational and the statistical population included all students of Payame Noor University of Hassanabad and Varzane in the academic year of 2017-18, that among the samples, 150 students are entered to the analysis by available sampling procedures. The data are collected by psychological capital questionnaires Luthans (2007), Bullen & Onyx social capital scale (2005), Phillips social support questionnaire (1986), and Keyes Social well–being questionnaire (2004). the path analysis method was used to evaluate the relationships between variables.
Results: The results of path analysis showed that only coefficients of social capital paths to social support, psychological capital to social health and social support path to social health were positive and significant (P <0.05). The results also showed that the social support variable could not mediate the relationship between psychological capital and social capital with social health (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Students with better psychological capital and better social support will enjoy better social health.

Abstract Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is a debilitating disease that affects the brain and spinal cord and causes many physical and mental problems. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of training on the enrichment of interpersonal relationships based on emotionally focused therapy on psychosocial adjustment and the social health of married women with multiple sclerosis.
Method: The research design was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test with a control and follow-up group. The statistical population of the study included all married women with MS who were members of the Isfahan MS Association in 2019, and 30 people were selected based on the criteria for entering the study and targeted sampling method and were randomly divided into two groups of 15 people. The experimental group participated in eight 90-minute sessions based on the relationship enhancement program, but no intervention was performed for the control group. In three stages, the subjects answered Derogatis & Derogatis psychosocial adjustment to disease (1990) and Keys social health questionnaires (2004). Also, the research data were analyzed by repeated analysis of variance.
Results: Enrichment sessions based on emotion-oriented approach improved social-psychological adjustment with the disease in the post-test and follow-up phase (p < 0.01) and its effect remained constant over time. However, experimental intervention only in the post-test stage increased the social health of married women with multiple sclerosis (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that teaching how to enrich interpersonal relationships based on the emotion approach has led to improved psychosocial adjustment with the disease and increased the social health of married women with multiple sclerosis.

Abstract Introduction: The present study was conducted to determine the role of Self-concept, self-esteem and social health in predicting the suicidal thoughts of male students.
Method: The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included all male high school students in Ardabil during 2017-2018. Of the population, 354 subjects were selected by multi-stage random cluster sampling. In order to collect data, the instruments of self-concept (Mandaglio & Pyryt, 1995), self‌e‌-steem (Coopersmith, 1967), social health (Keyes & Shapiro, 2004) and suicidal thoughts (Beck, 1991)) were used.
Results: The results showed a significant relationship between Self-concept (r=-0.49), self-esteem (r=-0.57) and social health (r=-0.59) and the suicidal thoughts of male students (p<0.05). In addition, the results of multiple regression showed that self-concept -0.16, self-esteem -0.24 and social health -0.29 significantly predict the suicidal thoughts of male students (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Male students' suicidal thoughts is predictable by the self-concept, self-esteem and social health. Therefore, it is suggested that psychologists and counselors consider the role of self-concept, self-esteem and social health to decrease the level of students' suicidal thoughts.

Abstract During last two decades Social health has been one of the most notable subject under investigation.this study aimed at exploring the relationship between social health and individualism and collectivism, gender socialization of students .Research carried out on 218 (female and male) students of Azad university –south Tehran branch.The participants were asked to complete the social health, individualism and collectivism and gender socialization questionnaires.Data were analyzed using pearson correlation and regression analysis. Results showed that among Social health indicators just social acceptance had not significant correlation. None of social health indicators had significant correlation with vertical individualistic.Futhermore, there was significant correlation between social health indicators and vertical collectivism.On the other hand,there was significant correlation between cohesion,adaptability,involvement and vertical collectivism.There was not significant correlation between social health indicators and gender socialization. The regression analysis indicated that gender socialization is predictable by social well-being indicators and individualism and collectivism cultural values.Finally we conclude that the knowledge of the findings can provide the significant implication on the provision of student`s socialization. د