Social Psychology
elham irannezhad; ali mehdad; mohsen golparvar
Abstract
Introduction: Classical dimensions of citizenship (political, civil, and social), in the modern theoretical framework, in addition to the necessary dimensions aimed at the whole environment and human society, have shown a unique evolution in the field of citizenship and its education. Based on this and ...
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Introduction: Classical dimensions of citizenship (political, civil, and social), in the modern theoretical framework, in addition to the necessary dimensions aimed at the whole environment and human society, have shown a unique evolution in the field of citizenship and its education. Based on this and considering that people of our country do not know much about their citizenship rights and responsibilities and the observance of citizenship ethics is not at a good level, citizenship education and understanding its dimensions is a new necessity. The purpose was to compile a comprehensive package of citizenship education based on these new dimensions.Method: The research method was comparative theme analysis based on literature, research context of scientific texts in modern citizenship and its education, and sample included 56 scientific sources. Data were analyzed through thematic network analysis.Results: Findings showed that the components and structure of the comprehensive package of citizenship education include educational techniques focused on political, civil, social, sustainable development, environmental, digital, and media citizenship education. A comprehensive package of citizenship education was designed in twelve 90-minute sessions. The coefficient of expert agreement was 0.93, which shows the adequacy of this package. In this way, a comprehensive package in the field of citizenship was added to Iran's practical and educational knowledge.Conclusion: The application of a comprehensive package of citizenship education in universities, as well as educational, and cultural centers, will help the development of citizenship attitudes and behaviors of people in the society and will reduce inappropriate behaviors and some of the current problems of the society.
Social Psychology
Zakaria Salehi Kholerdi; leila hosseini tabaghdehi
Abstract
Introduction: Learned helplessness or control of people is determined through initial interactions with social environments, and this process of helplessness is a way in which factors related to cognition, including beliefs, as well as emotional factors play a role in the amount of helplessness responses ...
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Introduction: Learned helplessness or control of people is determined through initial interactions with social environments, and this process of helplessness is a way in which factors related to cognition, including beliefs, as well as emotional factors play a role in the amount of helplessness responses to social stimuli. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the mediating role of intelligence beliefs in the relationship between social-emotional competencies and learned helplessness in primary school students of Sari in the academic year 2023.
Method: This research was practical in terms of purpose and the method of data collection is descriptive based on path analysis modeling. The statistical population includes all sixth-grade students of primary schools in Sari in the academic year of 2023. Based on non-random sampling and available methods, 218 people who met the criteria for entering the study were selected. The research tools included Quinles and Nelson's learned helplessness questionnaire (1988), Babaei's intelligence beliefs (1999), and Zhu and Ji's social-emotional competence questionnaire (2012). The data were analyzed by statistical software SPSS 18, Amos 23, path analysis, and bootstrap method with a significance level of 0.05.
Findings: In addition to confirming the model under study, the results indicated that there is a significant relationship between social-emotional competencies and intelligence beliefs with learned helplessness. Also, the mediating role of intelligence beliefs in the relationship between social-emotional competencies and learned helplessness in elementary school students was confirmed (P≤0.01).
Conclusion: The current research provides practical implications regarding making changes in the learned helplessness variable based on social-emotional competencies and intelligence beliefs in students.