nazila ebrahimi; amin koraei; ,zabihallah abbaspour; Masoud Shahbazi
Abstract
Introduction: Marriage is one of the most important and crucial choices for any individual. The purpose of this study was to design and elaborate a model of the effect of individual identity dimensions on attitudes toward marriage through the mediation of marriage horizon components. Method: The statistical ...
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Introduction: Marriage is one of the most important and crucial choices for any individual. The purpose of this study was to design and elaborate a model of the effect of individual identity dimensions on attitudes toward marriage through the mediation of marriage horizon components. Method: The statistical population in this research is all single male postgraduate students in East Azarbaijan universities. A sample of 300 students was selected through stratified random sampling from the mentioned society. Became the current project is a covariance matrix or correlation matrix (path analysis). The tools used for data collection were Attitude toward Marriage Scale, Ego Identity Process Questionnaire, Marriage Important Scale, Marriage Expected Age Scale, and Marriage Readiness Scale . Results: The results showed that the love identity component both directly and indirectly through the three components of the marital horizon, are related to attitudes toward marriage. Also, the component of work identity both directly and indirectly through the three components of the marital horizon, are related to attitudes toward marriage. On the other hand, the worldview identity component directly and indirectly, through the marital importance component and the marital readiness component, improves attitudes toward marriage. Marital horizons components are also related to attitudes toward marriage. Conclusion: Emerging adults with an identity formed in the three areas of love, work and worldview, draw a shorter marriage horizon for themselves, so they will have a more positive attitude towards marriage.
Sarah Ghorbani; Mohammad Reza Jahanizadeh; Sayed Mehran Mirbod; Leila Omidi
Abstract
Introduction: Social health is one of the most basic measures of social well-being in any society and it is effective in improving the quality of life of every society and in a way provides for the well-being and well-being of one's life and collective life. The purpose of this study was to investigate ...
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Introduction: Social health is one of the most basic measures of social well-being in any society and it is effective in improving the quality of life of every society and in a way provides for the well-being and well-being of one's life and collective life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychological and social capital and social health concerning the mediator variable of social support. Method: The method of research was descriptive – correlational and the statistical population included all students of Payame Noor University of Hassanabad and Varzane in the academic year of 2017-18, that among the samples, 150 students are entered to the analysis by available sampling procedures. The data are collected by psychological capital questionnaires Luthans (2007), Bullen & Onyx social capital scale (2005), Phillips social support questionnaire (1986), and Keyes Social well–being questionnaire (2004). the path analysis method was used to evaluate the relationships between variables. Results: The results of path analysis showed that only coefficients of social capital paths to social support, psychological capital to social health and social support path to social health were positive and significant (P <0.05). The results also showed that the social support variable could not mediate the relationship between psychological capital and social capital with social health (P>0.05). Conclusion: Students with better psychological capital and better social support will enjoy better social health.
Social Psychology
Tayebeh Mousabeygi; Soheila Soroushnia; Majid Saffarinia; Alireza Aghayousefi
Abstract
Introduction: Socialism as a personality trait refers to presenting a desirable and pleasant image of oneself. Understanding the predictors of socialization leads to a better understanding of the factors that strengthen social interactions. This study aimed to predict Socialism based on social ...
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Introduction: Socialism as a personality trait refers to presenting a desirable and pleasant image of oneself. Understanding the predictors of socialization leads to a better understanding of the factors that strengthen social interactions. This study aimed to predict Socialism based on social exchange styles and Parenting Styles in students. Method: The design of the present study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included all students of the Graduate Center of Payame Noor University of Tehran In the 2020-2021 academic year. 200 students were selected by Purposive sampling. The Socialism Questionnaire Questionnaire (Penner, 2002), the Social Exchange Styles Scale (Leybman et all, 2011), and Parenting Styles Questionnaire (Baumrind, 1967) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Data were analyzed in Spss-24 software.Results: The results showed that fairness and overinvestment exchange style and Authoritative parenting style can significantly predict Socialism in students (p≤0.001). The results of the standardized regression coefficient also showed that justice with a standard beta of 0.35 has the highest predictive power.Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, it can be said that fairness and overinvestment exchange style, and Authoritative parenting can explain and justify socialism and can be used to identify the underlying factors of socialization.
Social Psychology
Karim Sevari; Rogayeh Terahi
Abstract
Introduction: Addiction is one of the most important deviations and social harms and is considered a social disease whose physical and mental effects have negative consequences on the individual, family members, and society. This research was conducted to compare family functioning, social support, and ...
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Introduction: Addiction is one of the most important deviations and social harms and is considered a social disease whose physical and mental effects have negative consequences on the individual, family members, and society. This research was conducted to compare family functioning, social support, and irrational beliefs in open addicts undergoing compulsory treatment and self-reported addicts in treatment centers.
Method: The research design is a comparative causal one, with the statistical population consisting of all open addicts undergoing compulsory treatment and self-identified drug addicts from private drug addiction treatment camps in Ahvaz. A total of 170 individuals (80 open addicts and 90 self-identified drug addicts) volunteered to participate in the study. The data was collected through the family functioning questionnaire of Cong et al. (2022), social support by Zimet et al. (1988), and unreasonable beliefs of the researcher (1402). The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance.
Findings: The findings showed that family functioning, social support, and irrational beliefs of self-identified addicts and open addicts are different.
Conclusion: It is suggested that to improve the quality of the functioning of the families of self-identified drug addicts and open addicts, it is necessary to prepare a familiarization course with the optimal functioning of the family; attention to social support, and reduction of irrational thinking is recommended.
Arezo Zokaeifar; Tavakkol mousazadeh
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of parenting styles in predicting the social development of preschool children 5 and 6 years old.The Early childhood development and equality of opportunity is a window of opportunity for health promotion, Therefore, the quality ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of parenting styles in predicting the social development of preschool children 5 and 6 years old.The Early childhood development and equality of opportunity is a window of opportunity for health promotion, Therefore, the quality of care during this period plays a major role in the health of the child's development and development. Method: This research is a correlational study. The statistical population of this study includes all parents and preschool children of kindergartens in Tehran - Rey and Shemiranat. It has 618 active kindergartens. The sample consisted of 236 children and their parents by cluster random sampling. The subjects completed the Baumrind parenting styles questionnaire(1973) and Wildland Social Development Questionnaire (Edgar 1965). Data were analyzed by SPSS software using the Pearson correlation coefficient and regression of research hypotheses. Results: The results showed that the observed correlation coefficient was correlated between social development and parenting styles. Statistical analysis of data showed that the correlation coefficient between empowering and authoritative parenting styles with social development was positive and significant at the significant level p> 0.05. But there is no significant correlation between the authoritarian parenting style and social growth at a 95% confidence level. Multivariate regression results indicated that the authoritative parenting style at the significant level of the test (0.000) is the best variable to predict children's social development. Conclusion: According to findings can be concluded: when your parents about their child's educational methods are consistent, And show behaviors of assertiveness and confidence, listen to their children and talk to them, Also their disciplinary method is with warmth, logic ,and flexibility And partly to give their children freedom Children show more social development.
Mohsen Golmohammadian; Ayyob saqqezi
Abstract
Introduction: Interpersonal disorder is a major challenge in marriage and group activity. This study aimed to compare emotional and social loneliness and psychological Maltreatment in single girls with and without symptoms of interpersonal relationships.
Method: The present study was comparative in ...
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Introduction: Interpersonal disorder is a major challenge in marriage and group activity. This study aimed to compare emotional and social loneliness and psychological Maltreatment in single girls with and without symptoms of interpersonal relationships.
Method: The present study was comparative in terms of fundamental purpose and descriptive method. The statistical population included all students of Sanandaj universities in the academic year 2019. First, by the available sampling method, 300 people were selected. In the next stage, based on the cut-off point of the Interpersonal Problems Questionnaire (Barkham et al., 1962), 114 people in the group without symptoms of interpersonal problems and. 186 people in the group with symptoms of interpersonal relationships were replaced. The instruments used in this study were the Interpersonal Problems Questionnaire (Barkham et al,1996), the Social and Emotional Loneliness (Ditommaso et al,2004), and assisted maltreatment inventory (Coates & Messman-Moore,2014). The obtained data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance test by observing the assumptions of normal distribution and homogeneity of variance.
Results: The results showed that the mean of emotional and social loneliness, interpersonal problems, and their dimensions were significantly different between the two groups with and without symptoms of interpersonal disorders (p <0.05).
Conclusion: Findings emphasize the importance of paying attention to feelings of loneliness and psychological maltreatment in single girls with symptoms of impaired interpersonal relationships. Therefore, counselors and psychotherapists are expected to take steps to alleviate the feeling of emotional-social loneliness and psychological maltreatment of single girls with symptoms of interpersonal disorders.
Social Psychology
Parisa Jamshad; Rahim Davari
Abstract
Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of predicting covert-related aggression based on the personality traits and Alexithymia of married women in Tehran. Method: The research method was a descriptive correlation. The statistical population included all married women who referred ...
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Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of predicting covert-related aggression based on the personality traits and Alexithymia of married women in Tehran. Method: The research method was a descriptive correlation. The statistical population included all married women who referred to cultural centers and neighborhood centers in districts 1 and 3 of Tehran in the period of 2021-2022, from which 264 people were selected as a statistical sample using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, and they were evaluated on the scale of aggression. The correspondence of Nelson and Carroll (2006), measuring the five personality traits of the short form of Neo Costa and McCrae (1985) and Toronto Bagby et al. (1994) were answered. Research data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis using SPSS software version 26. Findings: The Pearson correlation results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between neuroticism and Alexithymia with relational aggression. On the other hand, there is a negative and significant relationship between extroversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness with covert-related aggression. In addition, the results of simultaneous regression analysis showed that neuroticism, agreeableness, and alexithymia were able to predict women's covert-related aggression. Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, by reducing neuroticism and Alexithymia and increasing women's agreeableness, their covert-related aggression decreases and it can be concluded that personality traits and Alexithymia play a role in increasing hidden covert-related aggression.
Social Psychology
Motahareh Hosseini Sfidvadjani; Reza Ghorban Jahromi; Fariborz Dortaj; Sayed Bashir Hosseini
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between negative emotions, fear of missing out, and being a victim of cyberbullying.Method: This research was a descriptive-correlational study using structural equation modeling. The target population of the study was all adolescents ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between negative emotions, fear of missing out, and being a victim of cyberbullying.Method: This research was a descriptive-correlational study using structural equation modeling. The target population of the study was all adolescents aged 15 to 18 years old living in Tehran. The sample size of 400 cases was recruited from all parts of Tehran city. A questionnaire was sent to each participant with an informed consent document. The questionnaire included demographic information, The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21), the Fear of Missing Out Scale & Cyber-bullying Questionnaire. Data collection during the pandemic COVID-19 was fulfilled using online questionnaires. Analysis performed using Liesel Software for structural equation modeling. Findings: The results of the research showed that Instagram is the first social network used by the adolescents of the population studied. The next social networks and online messengers used are WhatsApp, Telegram, Domestic Applications (Bale, Eitaa, Soroush, Shad), Skype, and Facebook in order. The direct effect of negative emotions on the fear of missing out and being the victim of bullying is significant. Also, the fear of missing out has a direct effect on being a victim of cyberbullying. On the other hand, the findings showed that negative emotions do not lead to cyberbullying victimization either directly or independently.
Laila Ghobadi; Ramin Habibi Kalibar; Abolfazl Farid; Javad Mesrabadi
Abstract
Introduction: Students at school face many challenges in social interactions that require the ability to solve social problems to solve them. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of succesfull intelligence training on solving social problems by controlling the effect of emotional ...
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Introduction: Students at school face many challenges in social interactions that require the ability to solve social problems to solve them. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of succesfull intelligence training on solving social problems by controlling the effect of emotional intelligence on Elementary students.
Methods: It was a half_experimental pre_test, post_test research with the Control group and follow-up stage. The statistical population was all fifth grade female students in Tehran in the 97_98th academic year. Two available classes of 30 students were selected by available sampling method. They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. In this study, questionnaires of social problem solving and emotional intelligence of children were used.The students in the experimental group received the Steinberg Success Intelligence Training Program for 22 sessions of 45 minutes. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance.
Results: Analysis of covariance after controlling the effect of emotional intelligence on social problem solving showed that There is a significant difference between the two groups after intervention in solving social problems (p ≤0.05). Also, in the post-test and follow-up, the effectiveness of a successful intelligence program on solving social problems was significant(p ≤0.05).
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, successful intelligence training can be used to increase social problem solving and see the very valuable results of this educational program in the academic and non-academic life of the students.
Mana Ebrahimi Mojarad; Farhang Mozaffar; Seyed Bagher Hosseini; Bahram Saleh Sedghpour
Abstract
Introduction: Sense of place-identity as an infrastructure of individual identity, plays an important role in the cognitive relationship between man and his place of residence. Therefore, improving residents’ place-identity in residential neighborhoods improves the quality of residence, also enriches ...
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Introduction: Sense of place-identity as an infrastructure of individual identity, plays an important role in the cognitive relationship between man and his place of residence. Therefore, improving residents’ place-identity in residential neighborhoods improves the quality of residence, also enriches individual personality. However, the social and semantic bonds have a significant role in the formation of place-identity. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between social and semantic bonds of residents with a sense of place-identity in residential neighborhoods.
Method: The method is correlation and modeling. The statistical population consisted of residents of the Sepah neighborhood of Qazvin in the winter of 2021.The sample was 280 residents of the Sepah neighborhood selected by cluster random sampling and a researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among them. After confirming its reliability by calculating Cronbach's alpha and its validity through exploratory factor analysis, the experimental model was obtained through path analysis.
Results: The results showed that place-identity dimensions in Sepah contain identification, environmental fit and alienation. Among the social and semantic bonds, social-cultural adaptation including neighborhood relationships, compatibility with customs and lifestyle adaption has the greatest direct effect on the environmental fit in place-identity formation (P<0/01).
Conclusion: According to the results, place-identity in Sepah is often due to the common sense that has been formed among residents through membership in a social category; therefore, to improve the sense of place-identity, it is necessary to consider socio-cultural adaptation variables.
Social Psychology
sahar kermanian; fatemeh golshani; anita baghdasarians; farhad jomehri
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to develop a model of narcissism personality based on the early life traumas, family functioning, and perceived parenting style of the mother, considering the mediating role of perfectionism and emotion regulation difficulty.Method: The method of the present study is descriptive ...
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Introduction: This study aimed to develop a model of narcissism personality based on the early life traumas, family functioning, and perceived parenting style of the mother, considering the mediating role of perfectionism and emotion regulation difficulty.Method: The method of the present study is descriptive correlation based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the present study was people aged 20 to 45 in Tehran in 2020-21 who had been referred to psychological clinics for counseling services, of which 350 people were selected by purposeful sampling. Clinical interview, Ames narcissism personality (Ames, et. al., 2006), child abuse self-report scale (Noorbakhsh, 1391), family functioning (Epstein, et. al., 2007), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (Gratz & Roemer, 2004), Perception of Parents Scale (Grolnick, Deci, & Ryan, 1997) and perfectionism (Flett & Hewitt, 1991) scale were used to collect data. Then, using SPSS v.23 and Amos v.23 software, the data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model.Results: The results show that early life traumas, family function, perfectionism, and emotion regulation difficulties directly lead to an increased tendency towards narcissism characteristic. Early life traumas, the mother’s perceived parenting styles, and family functioning indirectly and significantly affect the mediating role of emotion regulation difficulties on narcissism.Conclusion: This research confirmed the mediation role of perfectionism and emotion regulation difficulty, based on the early life traumas, family functioning, and perceived parenting style of the mother
Social Psychology
kobra Aalipour; mohammad abbasi; Ezatolah ghadampour
Abstract
AbstractIntroduction: Students can be one of the biggest social assets of any country, so paying attention to their all-round growth is considered one of the important duties of an educational system. The purpose of the present research was to investigate the effectiveness of the training package of ...
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AbstractIntroduction: Students can be one of the biggest social assets of any country, so paying attention to their all-round growth is considered one of the important duties of an educational system. The purpose of the present research was to investigate the effectiveness of the training package of quality of life in school on the help-seeking and academic satisfaction of students.Method: the research design was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test control group. The statistical population of the research includes; all the female students from the second year of elementary schools in Khorram Abad. The sampling method was a multi-stage cluster, where the target sample was randomly allocated in two experimental (20 people) and control (20 people) groups. The data were collected using Ryan and Pintrich's academic help-seeking (1997), Sheikhul-Islami and Ahmadi's academic satisfaction questionnaires (2012). The experimental group was trained by the quality of life package at school for 12 sessions, and they did not receive a training certificate; after completing the training course, both groups were given a post-test. The data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance.Results: The results obtained from the analysis showed that there is a significant difference (P<0.001) between the post-test grades of help-seeking and academic satisfaction of the students in the experimental group.Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of the educational package of the quality of life in school leads to an increase in the amount of help-seeking and academic satisfaction of students.
malihe tovhidiyan; Azam Farah Bidjari; Gholamreza Dehshiry
Abstract
Introduction: One of the major problems of socially anxious individuals is their inability to identify mental states. The present study was designed and conducted to investigate the role of social intelligence and mind reading in predicting social anxiety based on the Clark and Wells model. Method: For ...
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Introduction: One of the major problems of socially anxious individuals is their inability to identify mental states. The present study was designed and conducted to investigate the role of social intelligence and mind reading in predicting social anxiety based on the Clark and Wells model. Method: For this purpose, a sample of 218 adult men and women by Social Anxiety questionnaire (SAQ), Tromsø Social Intelligence Scale (TSIS), Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) and Reading the Mind in the Voice Test (RMVT) Were evaluated. Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The results of Pearson correlation showed that there is a significant negative relationship between social intelligence and its components and reading the mind through the eyes with social anxiety. In addition, there is a significant positive relationship between social intelligence and reading the mind through the eyes. However, no significant relationship was found between reading the mind through the voice with social anxiety and social intelligence. Regression results showed that the components of social skills and social awareness of social intelligence as well as mind reading through the eyes are able to significantly predict 37% of the variance of social anxiety. Conclusion: Overall, it can be concluded that socially anxious individuals are weaker in the components of social intelligence and the ability to reading the minds by observing others, an issue that should be considered in recognizing and treating social anxiety.
Social Psychology
heman mahmodfakhe
Abstract
Introduction: Moral disengagement refers to the justification of harmful behavior by a person and freedom from moral standards in a specific context and time. Knowing the predictors of moral disengagement leads to a better understanding of the factors that cause it. The purpose of this research was to ...
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Introduction: Moral disengagement refers to the justification of harmful behavior by a person and freedom from moral standards in a specific context and time. Knowing the predictors of moral disengagement leads to a better understanding of the factors that cause it. The purpose of this research was to predict moral disengagement based on dark personality traits and belief in a just world among Marketers of Urmia city during Corona.Method: The design of the present study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included all the marketers working in the markets of Urmia in 1401, their number was 5000, and 357 people were selected using the Morgan table using the Convenience sampling method. Data collection tools were moral disengagement by Bandura, dark personality traits by Jonason & Webster, and BJW by Sutton & Douglas. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression. Results: The results showed that: The dark triad of personality has a positive and significant relationship with the moral disengagement of the Marketers, and the belief in a just world has a negative and significant relationship with the moral disengagement. Also, the regression of stepwise results showed all three dark personality traits and belief in a just world are capable of explaining the general belief in a just world of marketers.Conclusion: According to these results, the dark triad of personality and belief in a just world can explain moral disengagement and can be used to identify the underlying factors of moral disengagement (P= 0/05).
Social Psychology
Zakaria Salehi Kholerdi; leila hosseini tabaghdehi
Abstract
Introduction: Learned helplessness or control of people is determined through initial interactions with social environments, and this process of helplessness is a way in which factors related to cognition, including beliefs, as well as emotional factors play a role in the amount of helplessness responses ...
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Introduction: Learned helplessness or control of people is determined through initial interactions with social environments, and this process of helplessness is a way in which factors related to cognition, including beliefs, as well as emotional factors play a role in the amount of helplessness responses to social stimuli. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the mediating role of intelligence beliefs in the relationship between social-emotional competencies and learned helplessness in primary school students of Sari in the academic year 2023.
Method: This research was practical in terms of purpose and the method of data collection is descriptive based on path analysis modeling. The statistical population includes all sixth-grade students of primary schools in Sari in the academic year of 2023. Based on non-random sampling and available methods, 218 people who met the criteria for entering the study were selected. The research tools included Quinles and Nelson's learned helplessness questionnaire (1988), Babaei's intelligence beliefs (1999), and Zhu and Ji's social-emotional competence questionnaire (2012). The data were analyzed by statistical software SPSS 18, Amos 23, path analysis, and bootstrap method with a significance level of 0.05.
Findings: In addition to confirming the model under study, the results indicated that there is a significant relationship between social-emotional competencies and intelligence beliefs with learned helplessness. Also, the mediating role of intelligence beliefs in the relationship between social-emotional competencies and learned helplessness in elementary school students was confirmed (P≤0.01).
Conclusion: The current research provides practical implications regarding making changes in the learned helplessness variable based on social-emotional competencies and intelligence beliefs in students.
leila javadi elmi; Hassan Asadzadeh
Abstract
Introduction: Academic engagement is one of the indicators of academic quality. The purpose of this study was to structural equation modeling of students' academic engagement based on academic help-seeking, transformational teaching, perceived social support with the mediation role of academic buoyancy. ...
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Introduction: Academic engagement is one of the indicators of academic quality. The purpose of this study was to structural equation modeling of students' academic engagement based on academic help-seeking, transformational teaching, perceived social support with the mediation role of academic buoyancy. Method: The statistical population was all undergraduate students of Esfarayen University of Technology, in 2016-2017 academic year.The sample included 304 students (253 boys, 51 girls) who were selected using random cluster sampling. Academic engagement scale (Fredericks et al., 2004), academic buoyancy (HosseinChari and Dehghanizadeh, 2012), Help-Seeking (Ryan and Pintrich, 1997), perceived social support (Zimet et al., 1988) and Transformational teaching (Beauchamp et al., 2010) were used to measure variables. Results: Perceived social support, academic help-seeking and transformational teaching had a direct effect on academic engagement. Also, Academic help-seeking, transformational teaching and perceived social support had indirect effects through academic buoyancy on academic engagement. Academic buoyancy could predict the student academic engagement positively. Overall, finding suggested that academic buoyancy had a mediating role in the relationship between academic help-seeking, transformational teaching, perceived social support and academic engagement. In total, the variables of the research were able to predict about %31 of the variance of academic engagement. Conclusion: By enhancing help-seeking, social support and teachers' use of transformational teaching, students helps them overcome their educational problems, and increase their academic buoyancy. These factors can enhance students' academic engagement to interact with each other.
Mahnaz Aliakbari dehkordi; Soheila Dehkhodaei
Abstract
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is a debilitating disease that affects the brain and spinal cord and causes many physical and mental problems. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of training on the enrichment of interpersonal relationships based on emotionally focused therapy ...
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Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is a debilitating disease that affects the brain and spinal cord and causes many physical and mental problems. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of training on the enrichment of interpersonal relationships based on emotionally focused therapy on psychosocial adjustment and the social health of married women with multiple sclerosis. Method: The research design was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test with a control and follow-up group. The statistical population of the study included all married women with MS who were members of the Isfahan MS Association in 2019, and 30 people were selected based on the criteria for entering the study and targeted sampling method and were randomly divided into two groups of 15 people. The experimental group participated in eight 90-minute sessions based on the relationship enhancement program, but no intervention was performed for the control group. In three stages, the subjects answered Derogatis & Derogatis psychosocial adjustment to disease (1990) and Keys social health questionnaires (2004). Also, the research data were analyzed by repeated analysis of variance. Results: Enrichment sessions based on emotion-oriented approach improved social-psychological adjustment with the disease in the post-test and follow-up phase (p < 0.01) and its effect remained constant over time. However, experimental intervention only in the post-test stage increased the social health of married women with multiple sclerosis (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It seems that teaching how to enrich interpersonal relationships based on the emotion approach has led to improved psychosocial adjustment with the disease and increased the social health of married women with multiple sclerosis.
Social Psychology
Mohammad Naghi Imani GalePardSari; Fariba Hanifi; Ali Mohhahoseini
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to present a model for increasing the job engagement of professors of Islamic Azad universities.Method: The research method was applied in terms of purpose; in terms of data type, it was mixed (qualitative-quantitative); in terms of data collection method or ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to present a model for increasing the job engagement of professors of Islamic Azad universities.Method: The research method was applied in terms of purpose; in terms of data type, it was mixed (qualitative-quantitative); in terms of data collection method or the nature and method of research, it was non-experimental - correlation. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the study consisted of academics and higher education experts. Purposeful approach to theoretical saturation was used to determine qualitative research samples. The second group of the statistical population included 2953 faculty members of Tehran Azad University. 340 members were selected as the subjects using structural equation sampling method. Semi-structured interview tools and a researcher-made questionnaire were used for data collection. The validity and reliability of the tools were measured and verified. The method of data analysis in the qualitative part of theoretical coding was based on the data theoretic method. In the inferential and quantitative sections, tests such as Pearson's correlation, one-sample t-test, structural equation modeling (confirmatory factor analysis) and exploratory factor analysis were used to answer the research questions.Results: The results of factor analysis showed that the components include, empowerment, attraction, endowment, as constituents of faculty members' attachment, psychological capital components, emotional intelligence, organizational support, servant leadership, organizational identity, sense of meaningful work, as influencing factors and components, such as organizational commitment, work-life balance, job performance were identified as influential components. In addition, mechanisms, facilitators, and barriers to implementing the research model were identified in this study. Finally, the final model of the research was presented which was well-suited.Councluion:The results of the research indicated that by reviewing the planning and management of manpower recruitment and retention,revising the methods of selecting managers, balancing the use of external managers and changing in the leadership style of the University, the desire work affiliation of professors in Islamic Azad University can be improved.
Social Psychology
Hossein Samani; Soroosh Golbabaei; Khatereh Borhani
Abstract
Introduction: Paternalism is a ubiquitous phenomenon in interpersonal relations and social life; However, few studiesIntroduction: Paternalism is a ubiquitous phenomenon in interpersonal relations and social life; However, few studies have investigated its relationship with other psychological constructs ...
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Introduction: Paternalism is a ubiquitous phenomenon in interpersonal relations and social life; However, few studiesIntroduction: Paternalism is a ubiquitous phenomenon in interpersonal relations and social life; However, few studies have investigated its relationship with other psychological constructs and in particular, it is unclear how it relates to different components of empathy in the context of interpersonal relationships. The present study aims to develop and validate a measure that evaluates paternalism in everyday life and then to examine its relationship with components of empathy and behavioral contagion.Method: The present study follows a correlational design and participants were selected based on convenience sampling. First, exploratory factor analysis was used to evaluate the structural validity and factor loadings of the paternalism questionnaire, and internal reliability was examined using Cronbach’s alpha. Then, in a second study, Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Golbabaei et al., 2022), and Empathy Index (Jordan et al., 2016) were used to predict paternalism, using a multivariate regression.Findings: Paternalism was positively correlated with empathic concern (r = .184, p < .05) and was negatively correlated with personal distress (r = -.202, p < .01). Moreover, in a linear regression model empathic concern (β = .306, p < .01) and personal distress (β = -.318, p < .01) predicted paternalism (F (2, 139) =9.538, p < .01 ).Conclusion: Our findings emphasize the importance of considering the contrary consequences that different components of empathy may have in some situations. By using experimental methods and including other constructs, future studies can shed light on different antecedents of paternalism in everyday life.
abdolbaset mahmoudpour; sana dehghanpour; naser yoosefi; Sahar Ejade
Abstract
Introduction: Intimacy is a relationship in which there is care, mutual trust and acceptance. Regarding the importance of intimacy in the marital relationship, the aim of this study was to predict marital intimacy based on mindfulness, patterns of conflict resolution, perceived social support, and social ...
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Introduction: Intimacy is a relationship in which there is care, mutual trust and acceptance. Regarding the importance of intimacy in the marital relationship, the aim of this study was to predict marital intimacy based on mindfulness, patterns of conflict resolution, perceived social support, and social well-being. Method: The present research method was correlational. For this purpose, 264 people were selected from the women's community of Tehran using the available sampling. Participants responded to Marital Intimacy Scale (Thompson & Walker, 1983), Conflict Resolution Styles Questionnaire (Rahim, 1983), Short Form of the Freiburg Mindfulness Questionnaire (Wallach et al., 2006), Perceived Social Support Scale (Zimet, 1988) and responded to the social well-being Scale (Keys, 1998). For data analysis, multiple regression were used. Result: The results showed that the variables of conflict resolution patterns, mindfulness, perceived social support and social well-being are significantly related to marital intimacy. In total, these variables were able to predict 23% of marital intimacy variance. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate the importance of conflict resolution, mindfulness, perceived social support and social well-being in explaining women's marital intimacy. Therefore, teaching the correct ways to resolve conflicts and mindfulness exercises, providing adequate support from family and important people in life, and strengthening the motivation to grow the social dimensions of women's personality is recommended.
Karim Babaei; Farzaneh Mikaeli manee; Ezatoallah Ahmadi; Ezatoallah Ahmadi
Abstract
Introduction: The present study was designed and conducted by the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotion recognition (basic and complex) and altruistic behaviors among twins base on gender. Method: The method is descriptive – correlation and the entire population ...
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Introduction: The present study was designed and conducted by the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotion recognition (basic and complex) and altruistic behaviors among twins base on gender. Method: The method is descriptive – correlation and the entire population of the study consisted of all twins at Tehran city, Out of this population 80 (40 pair mz and 40 pair dz) pairs were Voluntary selected. To collect data, The Cambridge Mindreading (CAM) Face-Voice Battery, Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task (RMET), and the Self-report altruism sale was used. The data obtained were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis and multivariate analysis of variance. Finding: The results showed that there was a positive significant correlation between altruistic behaviors and basic emotion recognition and there wasn’t a significant correlation between altruistic behaviors and complex emotion recognition and there weren’t significant differences in the variables of the altruistic behaviors between male and female twins and also there was a significant positive correlation between emotion recognition and theory of mind. Conclusion: That is, emotion recognition and altruism are both centered on an individual thinking about others, and accordingly those with high emotion recognition ability to show more altruistic behavior.
Social Psychology
navab kazemi; lida nemati; seyedeh liba yadegari; farzaneh abdous
Abstract
Introduction: Social cognition deals with the process of recognizing, processing, and using social data to regulate interpersonal performance and socially effective behavior. From the point of view of social psychology, it is very important in social and effective relationships. The present research ...
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Introduction: Social cognition deals with the process of recognizing, processing, and using social data to regulate interpersonal performance and socially effective behavior. From the point of view of social psychology, it is very important in social and effective relationships. The present research was conducted with the aim of predicting social cognition based on self-differentiation and cognitive flexibility in students.
Method: The present research was conducted with the aim of predicting social cognition based on self-differentiation and cognitive flexibility in students. The study was conducted in the academic year 1401-1400. A sample of 221 students was selected using the multi-stage cluster sampling method. The research data were collected using Nejati, Kemari, and Jafari's social cognition (2017), self-differentiation (Drake, 2011), and Dennis and Vandrwal’s cognitive flexibility questionnaire (2010). The SPSS version 24 was used for the regression and Multivariate analyses.
Finding: The results showed that self-differentiation and cognitive flexibility reliably predict social cognition. The results of the standardized regression coefficient also showed that the differentiation components have a greater predictive share (44.6%) in social cognition.
Results: The results of the present research show the importance of the role of self-differentiation and psychological flexibility in students, which can be effective in designing counseling programs.
Majid Baradaran; Farzaneh Ranjbar Noushari
Abstract
Introduction: Prosociality has been linked with a variety of positive psychosocial indices. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of temperament and character dimensions and perceived social support in the prosociality of college students.
Method: The present research was a descriptive ...
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Introduction: Prosociality has been linked with a variety of positive psychosocial indices. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of temperament and character dimensions and perceived social support in the prosociality of college students.
Method: The present research was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of the study consisted of all students of Payame Noor University of Rasht city in the academic year of 2019-2020. 220 students were selected by using a random sampling method. Data were analyzed by correlation coefficient and regression analysis. The participants completed the items of Prosocial Personality Scale (Penner, 2002), Temperament and Character Inventory (Adan, Serra-Grabulosa, Caci, & Natale, 2009) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet & Farley, 1988).
Results: Results showed that prosociality has a significant positive correlation with reward dependence, self-directiveness, co-operativeness, self-transcendence and perceived social support and it has a significant negative correlation with harm avoidance and novelty seeking (p<0.01). Also, stepwise regression analysis showed that co-operativeness 0.33, perceived social support 0.11 and self-directiveness 0.02 significantly predict variance of prosociality in college students (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Considering the role of temperament and character dimensions and perceived social support on Prosociality in College Students, the results of this study have important implications for these individuals.
Minoo Sadat Aminzadeh; Fariborz Bagheri
Abstract
Introduction: Impulsive buying behavior can have many negative consequences for a person. The present study was conducted to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in the relationship between mindfulness and impulsive buying behavior.
Method: The design of the present ...
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Introduction: Impulsive buying behavior can have many negative consequences for a person. The present study was conducted to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in the relationship between mindfulness and impulsive buying behavior.
Method: The design of the present study is a correlational design. The statistical population of the present study included all consumers and buyers aged 18-65 years of Tehran who were selected by purposeful sampling method to participate in the study according to the inclusion criteria of 242 people (157 females, 85 males). The standard impulsive purchase questionnaire, mindfulness questionnaire and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) were used to collect data.
Finding: Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis method in structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data. The results showed that adaptive strategies of emotion regulation and mindfulness had a significant negative correlation with sudden buying behavior and uncompromising strategies of emotion regulation had a significant positive correlation with sudden buying behavior (P <0.01). Cognitive emotion regulation strategies also mediated the relationship between mindfulness and instant buying behavior.
Conclusion: Therefore, instant purchasing behavior can be improved by designing programs based on improving cognitive emotion regulation strategies and mindfulness.
Social Psychology
Mohammad Jafarpour Lavasani; Navazesh Marandizadeh Shirvan; Seyed Mahdi Mousavian; Farzin Bagheri Sheykhangafshe; Hojatollah Farahani
Abstract
Introduction: Psychopathy is a multidimensional personality disorder that has attracted a lot of attention in the clinical fields. In this research, the validity of the Persian version of the Long Form of Youth Psychopathic traits Inventory (YPI) and the evaluation of its psychometric indicators are ...
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Introduction: Psychopathy is a multidimensional personality disorder that has attracted a lot of attention in the clinical fields. In this research, the validity of the Persian version of the Long Form of Youth Psychopathic traits Inventory (YPI) and the evaluation of its psychometric indicators are considered.Method: The method was descriptive-analytical and exploratory. The sample consisted of 557 male youths living in Tehran and Golestan provinces in the academic year of 2021-2022, who were selected by available sampling method and completed Youth Psychopathic traits Inventory and Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE). The psychometric properties were analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis, divergent validity, Pearson's correlation and Cronbach's alpha coefficient.Findings: The results of the confirmatory factor analysis indicated the existence of three interpersonal, affective and behavioral factors and indicated the good fit of the obtained model (p<0/001). The significant correlation between the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy and the Youth Psychopathic traits Inventory confirms the divergent validity of this tool (p<0/01). The validity of the scale was found to be acceptable by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the composite reliability of the factors. The reliability results of this tool through the retest method showed a high correlation between the two implementations (p<0/01).Conclusion: In general, the Persian version of the Long Form of Youth Psychopathic traits Inventory (YPI) and its three-factor structure were confirmed, and it can be used in psychological researches with appropriate validity and reliability.