Ali Lahak; Javanshir Asadi
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mindfulness on attention and aggression in children less than 12 years Old in Tehran. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population consisted of all ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mindfulness on attention and aggression in children less than 12 years Old in Tehran. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population consisted of all 8-12 year old children in Tehran who were referred to image counseling center by school principals due to aggression and attention deficit disorder. Then they were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (12 experimental and 12 controls). The mindfulness program was administered to the experimental group in eight sessions of 90 minutes once a week. Questionnaires of Child Abuse and Co-workers (2008) and Robertson et al. (1999) Questionnaire were used for data collection. Covariance analysis test was used for data analysis. Results: The results showed that mindfulness is effective on attention and aggression in children less than 12 years of age in Tehran (p < 0.001). Mindfulness was also effective on sustained attention, selective attention, attention control and on aggressive components including verbal, physical, relational and impulsive (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that applying mindfulness techniques can improve attention problems and reduce aggression in children. It seems negative thoughts and emotions, developmental delays and difficulty communicating with others, and high levels of stress in adapting to the environment are reduced by mindfulness exercises, followed by increased skills in managing pleasant behaviors and thoughts in children.
sousan Alizade fard; soheila sadatrasoul
Abstract
Abstract Introduction: Workplace bullying can be considered as one of the main causes of stress in the work setting that has adverse consequences. Many researchers attribute bullying to attitudes that stem from interpersonal interactions in the context of the workplace; therefore concepts based on social ...
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Abstract Introduction: Workplace bullying can be considered as one of the main causes of stress in the work setting that has adverse consequences. Many researchers attribute bullying to attitudes that stem from interpersonal interactions in the context of the workplace; therefore concepts based on social exchange theory are expected to be helpful in this regard. This study aimed to predict bullying behavior in nurses' workplaces based on social exchange styles. Method: The research method was correlational and the statistical population included nurses working in Tehran hospitals. 250 nurses from three educational hospitals were selected by available cluster sampling. The Workplace Bullying Questionnaire (Einarsen, 2009) and the Social Exchange Styles Scale (Leybman, 2011) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Finding: The results showed that fairness and overinvestment exchange style can significantly predict workplace bullying behavior in nurses (p≥0.05). Conclusion: These results confirm the role of social exchange styles with workplace bullying behavior and can be effective in better understanding, and designing educational and psychological interventions
Fatemeh Fallah; Yasser Rezapour Mirsaleh; Fatemeh Behjati Ardakani
Abstract
Introduction: Social anxiety disorder in children may consequence in avoiding of social interactions and can lead to social dysfunction in adulthood. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Adlerian play therapy on social skills of children with social anxiety disorder.Method: The present ...
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Introduction: Social anxiety disorder in children may consequence in avoiding of social interactions and can lead to social dysfunction in adulthood. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Adlerian play therapy on social skills of children with social anxiety disorder.Method: The present study was a quasi–experimental time-series design with a control group. The sample consisted of 10 children with social anxiety that were selected by available sampling method according to the clinical interview of the psychologist and the cut-off score in the social anxiety questionnaire (Liebowitz, 1987). The children were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups, and the experimental group received 8 sessions of Adlerian play therapy, while the experimental group did not receive any special intervention. The Data gathered using social skills questionnaire (Gresham & Elliot, 1990) in five phases, pre-test, 2th, 4th, 6th sessions and post-test, and analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measures.Results: The results showed there was a difference between the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in social skills (P <0.01, F = 63.52); Bonferroni post hoc analysis also showed that the difference in social skills scores between 1 and 3 (p = 0.039) 1 and 4 (p = 0.007) and 1 and 5 (p = 0.002) phases was significant but this difference was insignificant in the control group.Conclusion: Adlerian play therapy is effective on social skills of children with social anxiety disorder and can be offered as a complementary intervention along with other medical and psychological treatments to these children.
Ali Yazdanpanah Dolatabadi; Afsaneh Towhidi; Abbas Rahmati
Abstract
Introduction: The conflicts between tradition and specifically ethnic traditions and modernization enhance some obstacles derived from domestic violence and its consequence is directed towards wives and children. Regarding this matter, the purpose of the research was to design an instructional package ...
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Introduction: The conflicts between tradition and specifically ethnic traditions and modernization enhance some obstacles derived from domestic violence and its consequence is directed towards wives and children. Regarding this matter, the purpose of the research was to design an instructional package for coping with spousal domestic violence and to investigate its effectiveness of instruction on spousal violence and children’s academic enthusiam. Method: The research method is semi-experimental of the pre-test and post-test kind with two experimental groups plus two control groups. Among the 53 women who experienced violence and referred to one of the counselling centers in the city of Rafsanjan, using convenience sampling method, 30 of them were selected. Using the simple random sampling method, they were placed into two experimental and control groups, with 15 subjects in each group; as the pre-test and the post-test, they completed the domestic violence against women questionnaire and their children completed the academic engagement questionnaire. For the intervention, for 10 sessions, only the experimental women group was exposed to the researcher made instructional package of coping with spousal violence. The data were analyzed using the Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA).Findings: Findings show that the instruction of coping with domestic violence has a significant effect on males’ violence and on enhancing children’s academic enthusiam. Conclusion: It is concluded that the instructional package has the capability of being used as an instructional protocole and it can be beneficial as a tool in order to reduce males’ domestic violence and promoting children’s academic enthusiam.
zahra solgi
Abstract
Introduction: Students with coronary anxiety in academic and social life face many challenges in social interactions and psychological practice that require metacognitive skills to overcome them. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of metacognitive skills training on symptoms ...
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Introduction: Students with coronary anxiety in academic and social life face many challenges in social interactions and psychological practice that require metacognitive skills to overcome them. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of metacognitive skills training on symptoms of social anxiety and demoralization symptoms in girls with high levels of coronary anxiety.
Method: The research was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group and two-month follow-up period. All-female students with coronary heart disease at the Islamic Azad University of Kermanshah formed the research community. Among them, by purposive sampling and obtaining a score higher than the average in the completed instruments, 30 people were selected and assigned to groups of 15 people. Data were collected using Corona Anxiety Questionnaire (Alipour et al., 1398), Depression Syndrome (Kisan et al., 2004), and Social Anxiety (Connor et al., 2000). For the experimental group, 10 sessions of metacognitive program were performed as weekly one-hour online sessions, but the control group did not receive a program. Data analysis was performed by repeated-measures of variance.
Results: The experimental and control groups in the pre-test were not significantly different in terms of social anxiety and demoralization symptoms (P>0.05), but in the post-test and follow-up steps this difference was significant in terms of both variables (P<0.05). Metacognitive skills training reduced the demoralization symptoms and social anxiety in the experimental group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Findings show that metacognitive skills training can be used as a method of choice in patients with coronary heart disease. Therefore, it may be helpful to consider this type of treatment as part of a treatment plan for patients with coronary anxiety disorder.
Setareh Hadadi; Mohammadreza Tamannaeifar
Abstract
Introduction: Social anxiety is one of the most important anxiety disorders that have begun in adolescence and continue until the later periods of evolution. It creates social interactions and other performance dimensions of an individual. Hence, it is important to recognize features of people with social ...
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Introduction: Social anxiety is one of the most important anxiety disorders that have begun in adolescence and continue until the later periods of evolution. It creates social interactions and other performance dimensions of an individual. Hence, it is important to recognize features of people with social anxiety. The objective of this study was to compare maladjusted perfectionism, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation, and rumination in an adolescent with high and low social anxiety. Method: The present study was the comparative and descriptive method. The sample consisted of 329 male and female students of the 2nd course of high schools of Kashan City who were selected by multi-stage random sampling. To collect information, the Connor Social Phobia Inventory (2000), Hill Perfectionism Inventory (2004), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2001), and Ruminative Response Scale (1993) were used. SPSS22 software test was used to analyze the data. Results: The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference between students with high and low social anxiety. The mean scores of students with high social anxiety were significantly higher in maladjusted perfectionism, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation, and rumination in comparison with low social anxiety. Conclusion: Findings emphasize the importance of paying attention to maladjusted perfectionism, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation, and rumination in adolescents with symptoms of social anxiety. The findings of the present study have an important role in Educational therapeutic interventions for adolescents with high social anxiety.
Social Psychology
Javad Shahbazi; Malek Mirhashemi; Khadijeh Abolmaali alhoseini
Abstract
Introduction: Since the introduction of social networks, the pace of change in life has increased exponentially. Dependence on social networks can fundamentally change the course of human life. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between lifestyle and basic psychological needs with ...
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Introduction: Since the introduction of social networks, the pace of change in life has increased exponentially. Dependence on social networks can fundamentally change the course of human life. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between lifestyle and basic psychological needs with dependence on social networks mediated by emotional intelligence.Method: The correlation research design was structural equation modeling. The statistical population is students of Tehran province in 1400, of which 515 people were studied by multi-stage random sampling. Regarding education, 13.98% less than bachelor, 48.74% bachelor, 24.08% master and 13.20% doctorate participated. To measure the research variables, internet and social network addiction questionnaire(Young, 1998), lifestyle questionnaire (Lali & Abedi, 2012), the basic needs satisfaction in general scale (Guardia et al., 2000) and emotional intelligence questionnaire (Scott, 1998) were used.Findings: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between lifestyle components, basic psychological needs and emotional intelligence with dependence on social networks (P <0.01). According to RMSEA, GFI and CFI indices, the fit of the model was approved with values of 0.057, 0.994 and 0.967, respectively. Also, the mediating role of emotional intelligence in the relationship between lifestyle and basic psychological needs with dependence on social networks was identified.Conclusion: Therefore, by improving lifestyle and basic psychological needs, it is possible to correct dependence on social networks.
Social Psychology
karamollah javanmard; Nahid Zeini Hassanvand; Hadith Saif
Abstract
Introduction: People turn to the opposite sex for a variety of reasons. The aim of this study was to investigate the consequences of friendly relations between male and female students using qualitative research and data foundation (case study of students of Ayatollah Boroujerdi University).Method: The ...
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Introduction: People turn to the opposite sex for a variety of reasons. The aim of this study was to investigate the consequences of friendly relations between male and female students using qualitative research and data foundation (case study of students of Ayatollah Boroujerdi University).Method: The present study has been conducted in a qualitative and grand theoretical manner. Data and the statistical population of this study were all male and female undergraduate and graduate students in the year 98-99 of Ayatollah Boroujerdi University in the age group of 18-29 who have experienced a friendship with the opposite sex. Thirty students were selected by chain sampling or snowball sampling and studied by semi-structured interview methodResults: The findings showed that age conditions, facilitation of communication and meeting, hardening of marriage conditions as a ruling bed, and diminishing religious and traditional values and emerging value views were the intervening conditions. These people have been in a relationship with the opposite sex by being in an emotional and cognitive aura. Consequences such as hostility and violence, suspicion and suspicion, damage to the family system, norm-breaking, academic stagnation and talent, relationship deception, emotional-psychological damage, physical damage, sexual damage, counseling, experimentation, regret and frustration, sense Nostalgia and rethinking have been the most important problems in relationships with the opposite sex.Conclusion: Gaining insight into the cycle of formation of friendly relations between male and female students, especially into the interfering and underlying factors in the formation of the core theme can contribute to developing and implementing educational, preventive, and constructive treatment programs to address these factors that facilitate friendly relations between male and female students.
Social Psychology
hassan jozi; farzaneh ramezanpoor; mohammadjavad bagean koulemarz
Abstract
Introduction: Using the Internet and social networks is an integral part of our lives, however, excessive use of them has many psychological and social consequences. This study was conducted with the aim of a structural model of attachment styles, dark triad personality, and sensitivity to rejection ...
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Introduction: Using the Internet and social networks is an integral part of our lives, however, excessive use of them has many psychological and social consequences. This study was conducted with the aim of a structural model of attachment styles, dark triad personality, and sensitivity to rejection with social media addiction mediated by communication skills in students.
Method: The research method is descriptive-correlational modeling of structural equations. The statistical population of this study consists of all high school students in Nurabad (Delfan) in the academic year 1400, from which a sample of 400 high school students; was selected by cluster sampling method. They completed the online version of the Attachment Style Questionnaire (Hazen and Shiver 1987), Dark Triad Personality Questionnaire (Jones and Paulus 2014), Social Network Addiction Questionnaire (Tutgun-Ünal and Deniz 2015), and Korkut’s (1996) Communication Skills Questionnaire. They also responded to the Sensitivity to Rejection Scale (Dooney and Feldman 1996).
Results: The results of structural equation modeling showed that attachment styles, dark personality triads, and rejection sensitivity account for 32% of the variance of communication skills. Also, social media addiction explains 41% of the variance of attachment styles, dark triad personality, Sensitivity to rejection, and communication skills.
Conclusion: Overall, the findings suggest that weakening rejection sensitivity, and enhancing Communication skills can be considered in future studies as contributors to social networking sites addiction for prevention or intervention studies.
Social Psychology
Soroosh Golbabaei; Khatereh Borhani; Hamed Borhany; Mana Jameie
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between facing patients’ death, the probability of infection to COVID-19, job satisfaction, and non-deterministic moral decision-making with mediating role of anxiety.
Method: This research was a correlational and path ...
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Introduction: The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between facing patients’ death, the probability of infection to COVID-19, job satisfaction, and non-deterministic moral decision-making with mediating role of anxiety.
Method: This research was a correlational and path analysis study, and participants were selected based on convenience sampling during the first peak of COVID-19 in May 2020. In this study, 190 healthcare workers in hospitals allocated to COVID-19 patients responded to questionnaires of non-deterministic moral decision-making scenarios (Christensen, Flexas, Calabrese, Gut, & Gomila, 2014), probability of infection to COVID-19 (Hyland et al., 2020), facing patients’ death (Mosheva, 2020), job-satisfaction (Afulani et al., 2021), and COVID-19 related anxiety (Benham et al., 2021). Data were analyzed using correlation and path analysis with SPSS and AMOS.
Results: Findings showed that utilitarian behavior is positively correlated with anxiety (p < 0.001), facing patients’ death (p < 0.001), and the probability of infection (p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with job satisfaction (p < 0.01). Moreover, another finding was that anxiety mediated the relationship between the probability of infection and utilitarian behavior (p < 0.01) but not the other ones.
Conclusion: These findings imply that the situation caused by COVID-19 has cognitive and psychological impacts on healthcare workers, and as a result, changes their moral decisions and their attitude regarding resource allocation.
Social Psychology
Shahram Vahedi; Zahra Kazemvand asl; Samira Chenari
Abstract
Introduction: As the youth period extends, numerous students are involved with various issues in the identity process which affects diverse aspects of their life satisfaction. This research was conducted to analyze the latent profile of undergraduate students' identity dimensions and their relationship ...
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Introduction: As the youth period extends, numerous students are involved with various issues in the identity process which affects diverse aspects of their life satisfaction. This research was conducted to analyze the latent profile of undergraduate students' identity dimensions and their relationship with their life satisfaction.
Method: The method of this study was a descriptive-correlation type of latent profiles analysis using MPLUS software. MPLUS is a latent variable modeling program that reduces continuous or categorical variables to limited subgroups. Likewise, the one-way ANOVA method was used to compare students' life satisfaction among latent clusters. The statistical population of the research was all undergraduate students of Tabriz University and 375 of these students were selected as a sample using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Data were collected using Scales of Saffarinia and Roshan's Social Identity (2010), Bell's Religious Identity (2009), Aquino and Reed's Moral Identity (2002), and Satisfaction with Life of Diener et al. (1985).
Results: The results of the latent profiles analysis led to the identification of six identity profiles, and the results of the variance analysis revealed that the life satisfaction of students according to the identity dimensions is different (P<0.01), in such a way that the achieved identity cluster had the highest and the diffusion identity cluster, had the lowest level of life satisfaction.
Conclusion: Using the person-centered approach, the results of the research offer a new perspective for understanding the identity dimensions of students, which can predict life satisfaction and provide interventions according to each identity dimension.
Social Psychology
elham irannezhad; ali mehdad; mohsen golparvar
Abstract
Introduction: Classical dimensions of citizenship (political, civil, and social), in the modern theoretical framework, in addition to the necessary dimensions aimed at the whole environment and human society, have shown a unique evolution in the field of citizenship and its education. Based on this and ...
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Introduction: Classical dimensions of citizenship (political, civil, and social), in the modern theoretical framework, in addition to the necessary dimensions aimed at the whole environment and human society, have shown a unique evolution in the field of citizenship and its education. Based on this and considering that people of our country do not know much about their citizenship rights and responsibilities and the observance of citizenship ethics is not at a good level, citizenship education and understanding its dimensions is a new necessity. The purpose was to compile a comprehensive package of citizenship education based on these new dimensions.Method: The research method was comparative theme analysis based on literature, research context of scientific texts in modern citizenship and its education, and sample included 56 scientific sources. Data were analyzed through thematic network analysis.Results: Findings showed that the components and structure of the comprehensive package of citizenship education include educational techniques focused on political, civil, social, sustainable development, environmental, digital, and media citizenship education. A comprehensive package of citizenship education was designed in twelve 90-minute sessions. The coefficient of expert agreement was 0.93, which shows the adequacy of this package. In this way, a comprehensive package in the field of citizenship was added to Iran's practical and educational knowledge.Conclusion: The application of a comprehensive package of citizenship education in universities, as well as educational, and cultural centers, will help the development of citizenship attitudes and behaviors of people in the society and will reduce inappropriate behaviors and some of the current problems of the society.
Social Psychology
Ali َAzimi; Ebrahim Naeimi; Seyedeh Leila Haghparast; hamed Rezaei
Abstract
Introduction: Recent advances in technology and online communications have had significant impacts on emotional relationships, leading to a noticeable increase in long-distance emotional relationships.The present research aims to investigate the challenges faced by adolescent boys in online emotional ...
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Introduction: Recent advances in technology and online communications have had significant impacts on emotional relationships, leading to a noticeable increase in long-distance emotional relationships.The present research aims to investigate the challenges faced by adolescent boys in online emotional relationships.
Method: This qualitative research is conducted with a phenomenological approach. The study
population consisted of adolescents aged 16 to 20 residing in Rafsanjan in the spring of 2023. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, with the main criterion being that adolescents have an emotional connection with someone living more than 100 kilometers away. Data collection continued until data saturation was achieved and was completed with 11 interviews. Data was collected through unstructured interviews and analyzed using the content analysis method..
Findings: After coding the data, the findings were categorized into 8 thematic codes and 3 main themes: "psychological challenges," "sociocultural challenges," and "challenges related to social networks."
Discussion: Based on the research findings, adolescent boys in long-distance online emotional relationships face various problems and challenges. Understanding these challenges can assist us in better comprehending how to address them, formulate solutions based on their needs and experiences, and guide them toward healthy and deep emotional relationships.
fatemeh eisazadeh; shima heidary; Soosan Agajanbaglu; majid saffarinia
Abstract
Introduction : The present study sought to investigate the effect of schema therapy on improving social adjustment and psychological capital in transsexual persons. Method: This was a semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test of the control and experimental groups. The statistical population ...
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Introduction : The present study sought to investigate the effect of schema therapy on improving social adjustment and psychological capital in transsexual persons. Method: This was a semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test of the control and experimental groups. The statistical population of this study was the transsexual persons (boy to girl) in Tehran; Available through sampling 40 people who visited the District 3 clinics and poly clinics for gender changing operation or in Student Park located in the district 11 of Tehran, voluntarily completed the questionnaire on social adjustment and psychological capital and then they were randomly assigned to the test and control group. The experimental group was subjected to schema therapy for 12 sessions, then responded to the questionnaires in both groups in the post-test. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) with repeated measurements. Results : The results showed that schema therapy improved social adjustment and psychological capital (sig= 0.000) in the experimental group and the post-test phase; Also, the comparison of the mean scores of pre-test-post-test of social adjustment and psychological capital showed a significant difference. Counclusion:Regarding the fact that schema therapy can improve social adjustment and psychological capital in transsexuals, it is better to use this treatment method in their treatment plans.
Social Psychology
Kamyar Azimi; Manijeh Shehni Yailagh; Mehrdad Khoshnamvand
Abstract
Introduction: Identifying the factors implicated in adolescent bullying perpetration, particularly moral mechanisms, is important for driving research, policy, and practice to prevent and reduce adolescent bullying behavior. Therefore, based on the social-cognitive model of moral identity and the social-cognitive ...
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Introduction: Identifying the factors implicated in adolescent bullying perpetration, particularly moral mechanisms, is important for driving research, policy, and practice to prevent and reduce adolescent bullying behavior. Therefore, based on the social-cognitive model of moral identity and the social-cognitive theory of moral agency, the present study examined the relationship between moral identity and bullying of Iranian adolescents with the mediating role of moral disengagement.
Methods: The participants consisted of 392 adolescent (217 male and 175 female) high school students in Kuhdasht, aged 15-18 years (M = 16.44 and SD = 0.72). They were selected using a multistage random sampling method and completed the Parada Adolescent Peer Relations Instrument (2000), Aquino and Reed's Moral Identity Scale (2002), and Bandura’s Mechanisms of Moral Disengagement Scale (1996). Data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling.
Findings: The findings showed that moral identity negatively and significantly predicted bullying (β = -0/37) and moral disengagement (β = -0/27). Also, moral disengagement played a positive and significant role in predicting bullying (β = 0/23). In addition, the results of structural equation modeling indicated that moral disengagement significantly mediated the relationship between moral identity and bullying (β = -0/051).
Conclusion: In sum, these findings highlight the role of moral identity and moral disengagement in adolescent bullying behavior. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed.
Social Psychology
Manijeh Ahmadi; Saeid Abdolmaleki; Nazila khatibzanjani
Abstract
Introduction: With the Covid 19 epidemic; Educational centers were forced to use web-based education, and teachers' attitudes towards this type of education and their media and information literacy are among the requirements of education to realize the progress of students, so this research aims to investigate ...
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Introduction: With the Covid 19 epidemic; Educational centers were forced to use web-based education, and teachers' attitudes towards this type of education and their media and information literacy are among the requirements of education to realize the progress of students, so this research aims to investigate the relationship between The media and information literacy of teachers and their attitude towards web-based education was carried out with the academic progress of students in the era of Corona.
Method: The descriptive research method was correlation type. Statistical Society; 294 students and 332 teachers were selected to determine the sample size using Cochran's formula, which due to the spread of Coronavirus and the lack of access to all Samples was used from the available sampling method. Research tools; Yazdani's media literacy questionnaire (2013), Vatanparast et al.'s (2015) attitude toward web-based education questionnaire, Pham and Taylor's (1990) academic achievement questionnaire, whose validity is through face validity and reliability by Cronbach's alpha (0.91) was evaluated. Pearson's correlation coefficient and factor analysis were used to analyze the data.
Results: The results showed that there is a difference between media and information literacy of teachers to web-based education with students' academic progress (0.352), between teachers' information needs (0.626), teachers' information location (0.157), and information evaluation. teachers (0.266), organization of teachers' information (0.230), exchange of teachers' information (0.213), teachers' interest in working in the virtual environment (0.214), anxiety to work in the teachers' virtual environment (171) -0.0) and there is a positive correlation between the importance of teachers' virtual training (0.133) and the academic progress of students during the Corona era in 2021.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that increasing teachers' media and information literacy and their attitude towards web-based education leads to students' academic progress.
Social Psychology
karim abdolmohammadi; farhad ghadirey; ali mohammadzadeh
Abstract
Introduction: Cyber aggression is a new form of interpersonal violence among adolescents that can cause a lot of damage to their mental health, so it is necessary to address its underlying factors. Therefore, the present study was conducted to predict cyber aggression based on empathy, moral indifference, ...
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Introduction: Cyber aggression is a new form of interpersonal violence among adolescents that can cause a lot of damage to their mental health, so it is necessary to address its underlying factors. Therefore, the present study was conducted to predict cyber aggression based on empathy, moral indifference, and rumination of anger in adolescents.
Method: The research method was a correlational description. The statistical population of this research was all the students studying in the second-period boys' high schools in Tabriz in the academic year 2022-2023, and 395 people were selected by the multi-stage cluster sampling method based on Morgan's sampling table. Anger rumination questionnaires (ARS), basic empathy scale, cyber aggression questionnaire for adolescents (CYBA), and moral indifference questionnaire were used in this research. The data were analyzed using the simultaneous regression analysis test.
Results: The results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between cyber aggression and emotional empathy (P<0.05) and a positive relationship between moral indifference and anger rumination with cyber aggression (P<0.01); Also, the results showed that 0.27 changes in cyber aggression are explained by emotional empathy, moral indifference, and anger rumination subcomponents. Also, cognitive empathy, memories of anger, and understanding the causes do not have a significant contribution to predicting cyber aggression (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: The present study showed that to control behaviors such as cyber aggression, more attention should be paid to emotional and moral components such as empathy, moral indifference, and anger rumination.
reza faraji; mojtaba ranjbari; Ayoub Moradi; Mohammad Amiri
Abstract
Introduction: prosaically behavior orientation is a very important issue among adolescents and also has a significant effect on reducing adolescents'' social problems. The purpose of the present research was to study the effect of possessing citizenship rights and dimensions of social capital on prosaically ...
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Introduction: prosaically behavior orientation is a very important issue among adolescents and also has a significant effect on reducing adolescents'' social problems. The purpose of the present research was to study the effect of possessing citizenship rights and dimensions of social capital on prosaically behavior orientation of students.
Methods: The population of the present research included 360 male and female students of Kermanshah; they were evaluated by questionnaire of possessing citizenship rights (Sam Aram & Barzegar, 2016), and prosaically behavior orientation inventory (Pinner et al., 2008), and social capital questionnaire of Onyx and Bolen (2000). Regression analysis was used in order to analyze data.
Findings: the results of the present research showed that possessing citizenship rights (social, cultural, and civil rights), and social capital (dimensions of pioneering in social activities, academic/work relationship, relationship with friends and the value of life) respectively predict 20 and 27.5 percent of prosocial behavior orientation variance positively (p<0.05).
Conclusion: the results show positive effects, citizenship rights possession, and social capital in prosaically behavior orientation; it also requires more attention from education officials.
Abolghasem Yaghoobi; Sahar Mohammadi
Abstract
Introduction: Prosocial behaviors include behaviors such as empathy, altruism, cooperation with the aim of benefiting others, which improve the level of this behavior to facilitate interactions and the well-being of the community. so the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between ...
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Introduction: Prosocial behaviors include behaviors such as empathy, altruism, cooperation with the aim of benefiting others, which improve the level of this behavior to facilitate interactions and the well-being of the community. so the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between affiliation motivation and prosocial behavior was mediated by empathy and self-efficacy. Method: The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included students of Bu Ali Sina University of Hamadan. The sample size was 380 students who were selected using cluster random sampling method. Research instruments included Cuadrado et al.'s (2016) affiliation motivation, the Caprara et al. (2005) prosocial behavior, the Albiro et al. (2009) empathy, and Scherer et al. (1982) self-efficacy scales. Structural equation analysis method was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that the direct effect of affiliation motivation on empathy (p <0.01, β = 0.32) and self-efficacy (p <0.01, β = 0.27) was significant. The direct effect of self-efficacy (p <0.01, β = 0.30) and empathy (p <0.01, β = 0.37) on prosocial behaviors is also significant. The results showed that the indirect effects of affiliation motivation through empathy (p <0.01, Z = 7.92) and self-efficacy (p <0.01, Z = 5.27) on prosocial behavior were significant. Conclusion: Based on the results, concluded that affiliation motivation, empathy and self-efficacy have a significant effect on student prosocial behaviors, so to increase these behaviors, trainings to increase self-efficacy, affiliation motivation and empathy in the educational environment can be considered.
Social Psychology
Bahreh Arefi SheIkh; Arezou Asghari; Asadollah Visi
Abstract
Introduction: Social skills can increase a person's ability to communicate properly with others and play a role in reducing shyness and its components. The purpose of this study was the effectiveness of drama therapy on social skills and shyness of 9–11-year-old girls in Marivan.Method: The present ...
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Introduction: Social skills can increase a person's ability to communicate properly with others and play a role in reducing shyness and its components. The purpose of this study was the effectiveness of drama therapy on social skills and shyness of 9–11-year-old girls in Marivan.Method: The present study was a quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and control group. The study population consisted of all 9–11-year-old girls in 22 Bahman Marivan school in the 2018-2017 academic year. By available sampling, 30 students were selected and randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group. The Matson (1983) and Stanford Shyness (1997) Social Skills Questionnaire were used to collect data. For the experimental group, 10 90-minute sessions of therapeutic intervention were performed twice a week, but the control group did not receive any intervention. Statistical data were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance.Findings: The results showed that therapeutic demonstration had a significant effect on social skills (F=57.51, P<0.01) and reduction of shyness (F=73.91, P<0.01).Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be said that drama therapy affects appropriate social behaviors, aggression and impulsive behaviors, superiority and high self-confidence and relationships with peers; therefore, it plays an important role in reducing girls' shyness.
Hosein Zare; sara Ghorbani
Abstract
The aim of this study was Investigating the effect of risk perception, self-efficacy and social problem solving on helpful behaviors according to the mediating role of social intelligence. The design of the present study was a descriptive correlational study and the statistical population of the study ...
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The aim of this study was Investigating the effect of risk perception, self-efficacy and social problem solving on helpful behaviors according to the mediating role of social intelligence. The design of the present study was a descriptive correlational study and the statistical population of the study included all helping people in the flood of 1398 in Khuzestan. In order to determine the sample size, Cochran's formula based on undefined population was used and 387 people were selected by cluster sampling. Based on this, the city of Khuzestan was divided into 5 geographical regions including north, south, east, west and center. Then, a flooded area was randomly selected from each area, and in each area, two flood camps were selected and referred to it, and non-damaged subjects were randomly referred to these centers for assistance,were selected. Data collection tools included the Derakhshande Nia and Nouri Aid Behavior Questionnaire (1384), Bintin Risk Perception (1993), Scherer Self-Efficacy (1982), Dezorella et al.'s (2002) Social Problem Solving, and Termiso social intelligence (2001). In order to test the research hypotheses, the statistical method of path analysis was used with the help of SPSS and AMOS software version 22. The results of indirect coefficients in path analysis showed that social intelligence cannot play a mediating role in the relationship between the three variables of risk perception, self-efficacy and social problem solving with helping behaviors (p> 0.05) and only direct coefficients Perception of risk, self-efficacy and social problem solving were confirmed by helping behaviors (P <0.05).
Social Psychology
Samaneh Mohammadpour; Hojjatollah Farahani; Parviz Azadfallah
Abstract
AbstractIntroduction: With the increasing importance of environmental problems, environmental psychology also seeks to create a sustainable relationship between humans and nature. In this regard, the present research investigated the role of personality traits in pro-environmental behaviors to better ...
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AbstractIntroduction: With the increasing importance of environmental problems, environmental psychology also seeks to create a sustainable relationship between humans and nature. In this regard, the present research investigated the role of personality traits in pro-environmental behaviors to better understand this relationship. It has also investigated the mediating role of place attachment in the relationship between personality and pro-environmental behaviors.Method: The method of this study was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of this study was the students of Tarbiat Modares University in the academic year 2020-2021, 250 people were selected by available sampling method. To measure the research variables, the personality traits scale of McCree and Costa (1992), the place attachment scale of Safarinia (2013), and the questionnaire compiled by Ferdowsi, Mortazavi, and Rezvani (2007) from the environmental protection behavior questionnaires of Kaiser, Wolfing and Fehrer (1999) and Tarrant and Cordell (1997) were used. To analyze the data, the path analysis method was used in the structural equation model.Findings: Fit indices and path coefficients (p<0.05) showed that the personality factors of extroversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness play a role in environmental behavior due to the mediating role of the place dependence factor.Conclusion: If a person is extroverted, agreeable, conscientious, and has attachment to their place of living, they are more likely to exhibit pro-environmental behaviors. As a result, by knowing the relationship of individuals with different personality traits and affective relationships with home, their positive environmental behaviors can be strengthened.
Musa Saadati
Abstract
Introduction: Today, the risky driving style among the citizens, especially the young people, is one of the most important social concerns, the consequence of which, in addition to the individual itself, can cause irreparable damage to other social activists and disturb social discipline. Therefore, ...
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Introduction: Today, the risky driving style among the citizens, especially the young people, is one of the most important social concerns, the consequence of which, in addition to the individual itself, can cause irreparable damage to other social activists and disturb social discipline. Therefore, the present study was conducted to socially explain risky driving based on the structure of social capital. Method: The research method is a survey and the statistical population includes all people aged 15-34 years old in Tabriz city with 579694 people. of these, 630 people using the Cochran statistical formula and multi-stage clustering method sample size were selected; the data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. SPSS-22 software was used to analyze the data. Results: The results of the research indicate that the correlation between all social capital components including social support, social participation, social awareness, social cohesion, and social trust with risky behaviors at a meaningful level of less than 0.01 was confirmed, the type of relationship negative and inverse. The results of the regression analysis also showed that the variables present in the regression model were able to predict 11.5% of the changes in risky driving. Conclusion: Considering the significant relationship and the effective role of social capital in predicting risky driving in the present research, it can be admitted that having social capital can act as social protection against social problems such as risky driving of youth. Hence, it is more than necessary to establish a framework for improving the social capital of young people both at the family level and at the community level.
fatemeh samadi; Mojtaba Dalir
Abstract
Introduction:With the increase of the elderly, the issue of their health and well-being in the society is becoming more widespread every day. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mental and social health in sexual health of elderly women. Method:This research has been an applied ...
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Introduction:With the increase of the elderly, the issue of their health and well-being in the society is becoming more widespread every day. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mental and social health in sexual health of elderly women. Method:This research has been an applied type that was done by descriptive- correlational method. The statistical population of the study was the elderly women of Tehran, out of which 220 elderly women were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Data were obtained through Short Form Symptom Checklist-25-Revised (Najarian & Davoodi,1380), Keyes Social Health (Keyes,2004) and Women's Sexual Function Index (Rosen, 2000). Data were analyzed using Statistical methods of correlation and regression analysis. Results:The results showed that there is a significant relationship between mental and social health with sexual health of elderly women (p <0.01).The mental health components (somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, phibic, paranoid thinking, psychoticism and aggression) inversely and significantly, and the social health components (social actualization, social coherence, social integration, social acceptance and social contribution) directly and significantly are related to the sexual health of elderly women. Conclusion:The results of regression analysis also showed that mental and social health are predictors of sexual health in elderly women, which mental health is a stronger predictor than social health.Based on this, it can be concluded that women's sexual function is a multidimensional process and it seems that factors such as psychological components like anxiety and depression and social components like social acceptance can affect women's sexual health.
Social Psychology
Zahra Zeinali; Ali Zeinali
Abstract
Introduction: Social networks play a very important role in people's relationships with each other, and one of the interpersonal components affecting the start of an addiction to social networks is the family and its function. Therefore, the present research was conducted aiming at investigating the ...
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Introduction: Social networks play a very important role in people's relationships with each other, and one of the interpersonal components affecting the start of an addiction to social networks is the family and its function. Therefore, the present research was conducted aiming at investigating the role of family functioning in social network addiction by mediating basic psychological needs in students.
Method: This study was a descriptive correlation research. The statistical population was composed of the high school students of Urmia in the academic year 2021-2022. From this population, a sample of 380 students was drawn. The selection was conducted through Morgan's table and cluster random sampling method. To collect data, Turel and Serenko’s (2012) social network addiction, Epstein and colleagues’ family functioning (2003), and Desi and Ryan basic psychological needs questionnaires (2000) were used. The data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation and structural equation analysis.
Findings: The results showed that family functioning has a direct and significant effect on addiction to social networks and a direct and significant effect on basic psychological needs. Also, basic psychological needs have an inverse and significant effect on addiction to social networks. Furthermore, family functioning has an indirect and significant effect on addiction to social networks through the mediation of basic psychological needs (05/0>P).
Conclusion: The increase in family functioning (a high score indicates poor functioning) has reduced the basic psychological needs of students, which in turn increases addiction to social networks.