Maryam Shahandeh; Hamid reza Nozarzadeh Arani
Abstract
Introduction: This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of social communication skills training on metacognitive beliefs and fear of positive and negative evaluation of junior high school students.
Method: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a ...
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Introduction: This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of social communication skills training on metacognitive beliefs and fear of positive and negative evaluation of junior high school students.
Method: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The study population consisted of male high school students in Aran and Bidgol that 30 male students were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups of 15 experimental and control and answered to metacognitive belief Wells and Katright-Hutton (2004) questionnaires, Weeks (2010) Fear of Positive Evaluation Questionnaire, and Leary (1983) Fear of Negative Evaluation Questionnaire. The control group waited and the social communication skills group training for the experimental group was performed in 8 one-hour sessions. At the end of the intervention, both groups were re-evaluated with research questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance. Results: The results showed that social-communication skills training was effective in reducing metacognitive beliefs (p <0.05), reducing fear of negative evaluation (p <0.05), and reducing fear of positive evaluation (p <0.05). Conclusion: The results of the study confirmed the effectiveness of the use of group communication social skills training on reducing metacognitive beliefs and fear of positive and negative evaluation of students.
Social Psychology
Salime Rahimimoghadam; Hooman Namvar
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this research is to determine the best model for predicting the balance between work and life of employees based on perceived social support and occupational preference with the mediating role of spiritual intelligence.
Method: The research method is a correlation theory ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this research is to determine the best model for predicting the balance between work and life of employees based on perceived social support and occupational preference with the mediating role of spiritual intelligence.
Method: The research method is a correlation theory of the prediction type and the statistical population of employees in the central headquarters (in Tehran) and the strategic purchasing department of treatment management (all over the country) of the social security organization in the year 1400. Data collection is by stratified random sampling, which was determined based on Klein's formula, with a minimum number of 200 samples. The electronic questionnaire was designed using press line and visited by more than 600 people, and 213 people completed the questionnaire, which includes the spiritual intelligence questionnaires of Abdullah Zadeh et al. (2017), perceived social support by Zimet et al. (2009) and Amabile et al.'s (1994) occupational preference.
Findings: T values show the validity of the relationship between the constructs and the confirmation of the relationships between the research variables at the 95% confidence level. The value of Q2 for all variables is higher than 0.25; Therefore, the structural model has a high predictive power. The value of GOF is equal to 0.2775; Therefore, the overall fit level of the model is good.
Conclusion: Social support variable and occupational preference have a significant impact on the work-life balance of employees. Perceived social support has a higher impact. The variable of spiritual intelligence does not have a significant effect on the work-life balance of employees.
Social Psychology
Sajad Hasani; Fariborz Nikdel; Ali Taghvaei Nia
Abstract
Introduction: Present study aimed to mediate the role of Self-regulation in the relationship between Sports self-efficacy and Self-concept with weight loss behaviors of students.
Method: The current research is a descriptive survey of the correlation based on structural equation modeling. The study’s ...
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Introduction: Present study aimed to mediate the role of Self-regulation in the relationship between Sports self-efficacy and Self-concept with weight loss behaviors of students.
Method: The current research is a descriptive survey of the correlation based on structural equation modeling. The study’s statistical population included all female and male first-high school students in Eqlid (Fars province) in the academic year 2022-2023. The sample size of 250 students was selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling. After examining the questions related to the subject’s height and weight, they were grouped as overweight and obese with a body mass index of 25 or higher. Data were collected using the standard Mendaglio and Pirist self-concept (1995), Kerel and colleagues (2007) sports self-efficacy, Miller and Brown (1999) self-regulation, and weight loss behavior questionnaire by Mazloumi Mahmoudabad and colleagues (2017). Data analysis was performed by Structural Equation Modeling and with PLS 8.8 software.
Results: The results showed that sports self-efficacy and self-concept a had direct and significant effect on weight loss behaviors. Also, the results showed that self-regulation has a mediating role in the relationship between sports self-efficacy and self-concept with behaviors related to weight loss behaviors.
Conclusion: By increasing sports self-efficacy, self-concept, and self-regulation, weight loss Behaviors will also increase. Therefore, it is better in environments where therapists, pay more attention to sports self-efficacy, self-concept, and self-regulation in obese and overweight teenagers.
Social Psychology
ROBAB JAHEDI; Rahim Badri Gargari
Abstract
Introduction: Social anxiety Disorder is one of the most common anxiety disorders in the clinical sample. So far, many methods have been used to improve and treat this disorder, among which interventions based on acceptance and commitment are one of the most effective methods.
Method: The present study ...
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Introduction: Social anxiety Disorder is one of the most common anxiety disorders in the clinical sample. So far, many methods have been used to improve and treat this disorder, among which interventions based on acceptance and commitment are one of the most effective methods.
Method: The present study was conducted with the aim of meta-analyzing the effect of interventions based on acceptance and commitment on social anxiety disorder and resolving possible contradictions in the results of different studies. The statistical population of this research included the researches conducted in the field of the effectiveness of interventions based on acceptance and commitment on social anxiety during the last 20 years in Iran (1380-1401) and international levels (2000-2022).
Results: Based on the defined entry and exit criteria, 40 studies that had appropriate scientific and methodological conditions were selected to enter the meta-analysis. The results showed that the average size of the combined effects of the fixed model is -0.874 and that of the random model is -1.234, both of which are statistically significant. This shows the positive effect of interventions based on acceptance and commitment on social anxiety.
Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that by using interventions based on acceptance and commitment, the amount of social anxiety in people can be reduced.
mahmood kamali zarch; Hamideh Shekari
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of present study is investigating the Effect of mental workload on employee cyberloafing at workplace with considering the mediating role of social undermining. Method: Present study is an applied research in terms of purpose and a descriptive-survey research in terms of method. ...
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Introduction: The aim of present study is investigating the Effect of mental workload on employee cyberloafing at workplace with considering the mediating role of social undermining. Method: Present study is an applied research in terms of purpose and a descriptive-survey research in terms of method. The statistical population of this research is personnel of high schools in Yazd city. A sample comprising of 120 members was selected using clustering random sampling method. The statistical instruments consisted of three questionnaires including cyberloafing scale (Stoddart, 2016), mental workload scale (Rubio-Valdehita, López-Núñez, López-Higes & Díaz-Ramiro, 2017) and social undermining scale (Hamza, 2018). Reliability of the scales were confirmed by Cronbach’s Alfa and composite reliability. Validity of the scales were confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. Data analysis, was done using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis) and inferential statistics (correlation test, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling) using SPSS 22 and Smart-PLS 2 softwares. Results: The results showed that there were significant correlations between all research variables. Also, mental workload has direct, positive and significant impact (0.515) on cyberloafing. Mental workload has indirect and significant impact (0.159) on cyberloafing too. Mental workload can predict social undermining at workplace positively and its direct effect is 0.723. Also, social undermining has direct, positive and significant impact (0.712) on cyberloafing. Conclusion: Mental workload has direct effect on cyberloafing at workplace and also indirect effect via the mediating role of social undermining and indirect effect is more than direct effect.
Roghayeh Payandeh; Mohtaram NematTavousi
Abstract
Introduction: Aim of this research was to determine the mediating role of internalization of societal ideals in the relationship between sociocultural attitudes and body appearance dissatisfaction. Method: Based on a correlation design, 270 client (women) aged 20- 40 years to beauty centers of Tehran ...
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Introduction: Aim of this research was to determine the mediating role of internalization of societal ideals in the relationship between sociocultural attitudes and body appearance dissatisfaction. Method: Based on a correlation design, 270 client (women) aged 20- 40 years to beauty centers of Tehran were selected with convenience sampling and complete Multidimensional Body-Self Relations (Cash,1997) and Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance -3 (Thompson et al, 2000) questionnaires. In order to analyze data, path analysis used. Results: The Findings indicated that the model has an acceptable fit between the variables .Direct effect from importance (ß=0/122, p < 0/05) and pressure (ß=0/141, p < 0/05) sub scales from sociocultural attitudes, and direct effect from general internalization (ß=0/276, p < 0/001) from internalization of societal ideals have negatively significant association with body appearance dissatisfaction. Direct effect from athlete internalization (ß=0/222, p < 0/001) has a positively significant association with body appearance dissatisfaction. This findings showed that sociocultural attitudes through the internalization of societal ideals has a significant indirect effect on body appearance dissatisfaction. Also, Predictive variables can be explained 17% of the variance of body appearance dissatisfaction. Conclusion: According to the findings of this research, the factors regarding internalization of societal ideals could be beneficial in prevention of body appearance dissatisfaction and related problems.
Hossein Honarvar; Tavakoll Aghayari Hir; Mohammad Bagher Alizaddeh Aghdam; Ebrahim Mohammadpour Mohammadpour
Abstract
Introduction: Sustainable development is the main concern for all developing societies, which are exploiting the natural resources beyond their environmental capacity, concerning their citizens’ consumer lifestyle. Such an impact, which is known as Ecological Footprint, besides other factors, is ...
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Introduction: Sustainable development is the main concern for all developing societies, which are exploiting the natural resources beyond their environmental capacity, concerning their citizens’ consumer lifestyle. Such an impact, which is known as Ecological Footprint, besides other factors, is under the influence of value orientation and attitudinal factors such as individualism and materialism. Method: Present study employed a descriptive and correlational research design. The statistical population consisted of all 15-65 years old citizens of Urmia which 516 of whom were selected by the use of cluster sampling technique, as the study sample. Ecological Footprint Questionnaire (Turner, 2013), Materialism Questionaire (Richins, 2004), Consumerism Questionnaire (Babin, 1994), and Individualism Questionnaire were used to collect data. Finding: Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling tests. Results showed that individualism (indirectly through consumerism and materialism) and materialism (directly), have positive and significant effects (meaningful level of less than 0. 01) on the ecological footprint of consumption among citizens of Urmia. According to the results of the fitted path model, independent variables could explain around 20 percent of variations in ecological footprint. Conclusion: Individualistic and materialistic value orientations could be realized as main determinants of ecological footprint among citizens, which formal and non-formal cultural and educational interventions are needed to be employed by administrational entities to control them.
Social Psychology
Atefeh Eshaghi; zahra Naderi Nobandegani; Fahimeh Dehghani
Abstract
Introduction: The dangers of using social networks have led to various research in this field in recent decades. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of jealousy and the moderating role of spouse support perception in the relationship between upward social comparison and depression ...
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Introduction: The dangers of using social networks have led to various research in this field in recent decades. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of jealousy and the moderating role of spouse support perception in the relationship between upward social comparison and depression in virtual social networks.Method: The research method was correlation-structural equation model. The study population consisted of married people in Kerman and a sample of 320 men and women in this city who were selected using the convenience sampling method and through a link sent to them answered to a researcher-made questionnaire of upward social comparison in social networks, Radloff (1991) Depression questionnaire, Tandoc, Ferrucci, and Duffy (2015) Jealousy in social media Questionnaire, and the Revised Support in Intimate Relationships Scale of Dehle, Larsen and Landers (2001). Then the data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equations.Findings: The findings of the study showed that jealousy can play a mediating role in the relationship between upward social comparison in virtual social networks and depression. Also, the perception of spouse support was able to moderate the relationship between jealousy in virtual social networks and depression.Conclusion: According to the findings, it can be said that upward comparison with others, in addition to the effect on jealousy in virtual social networks, can also increase depression in married people. Meanwhile, the perception of spouse support can be effective in reducing the consequences of jealousy in these networks.
Social Psychology
Parastoo Hassanzadeh; Majid Saffarinia; Ahmad Alipour; Hossein Zare; Susan Alizadehfard
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this research was the construction of the Implicit Association connectedness with nature Test and its prediction with place attachment and environmental identity in students.
Method: The research was kind of surveying and descriptive (correlation). Its statistical population ...
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Introduction: The aim of this research was the construction of the Implicit Association connectedness with nature Test and its prediction with place attachment and environmental identity in students.
Method: The research was kind of surveying and descriptive (correlation). Its statistical population was composed of all students of Tehran public universities and 207 of them were selected by volunteering method. Research tools included the Implicit Association connectedness with nature Test (researcher-built), Place Attachment Scale (Saffarinia, 2011), and Environmental Identity Scale (Clayton, 2003). For measuring the scale`s reliability was used of Cronbach`s alpha coefficient and test-retest method and for studying validity was used of concurrent validity (Pearson correlation coefficient). In addition, to study the fitness of hypothesized model of the relationship between environmental identity and connectedness with nature with mediating of place attachment components was used path analysis method.
Results: The reliability coefficients by means of the test-retest method showed that the test has satisfactory reliability. In addition, the results of the Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between place attachment and environmental identity with connectedness with nature (p<0.01) implying that relatively high concurrent validity Implicit Association connectedness with nature Test with place attachment and environmental identity scales. Results of path analysis showed that the modified model had acceptable fitness with data, and therefore environmental identity through place identity and emotional attachment influence directly and indirectly on connectedness with nature, and among components of place attachment only place identity and emotional attachment mediated relationship between environmental identity and connectedness with nature.
Conclusion: According to the research results, recommended to environment stakeholders and environmental psychologists that exhibiting educational workshops educate and develop Implicit Association connectedness with nature Test and connectedness with nature and place attachment concepts and for increasing connectedness with nature activities for reinforcing place attachment and environmental identity.
Social Psychology
Hossein Tahmasby; Yadollah Khorramabadi
Abstract
AbstractIntroduction: This research was conducted to predict marital satisfaction based on extraversion, marital empathy, and marital forgiveness in married women.Method: A descriptive-correlation method of regression type was utilized in the current research. Using a multi-stage cluster random sampling ...
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AbstractIntroduction: This research was conducted to predict marital satisfaction based on extraversion, marital empathy, and marital forgiveness in married women.Method: A descriptive-correlation method of regression type was utilized in the current research. Using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method, a total of 840 married women residing in Lorestan province were selected. Data were collected using the Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale, the NEO-FFI Questionnaire, the Marital Empathy Scale, and the Marital Forgiveness Scale as standard questionnaires. The collected data were checked and analyzed by SPSS software.Results: The coefficient of determination obtained from the multiple linear regression test was equal to 0.378, which shows that the model explains 37.8% of the changes in marital satisfaction. According to standard coefficients, extraversion, empathy, and forgiveness were significant predictors of marital satisfaction. From the findings, it can be concluded that extraversion, empathy, and forgiveness have a positive and favorable effect on marital satisfaction, such that one unit increase in extraversion, empathy, and forgiveness leads to an increase of 0.121, 0.255, and 0.421 units in marital satisfaction, respectively. The most important variable affecting marital satisfaction was forgiveness, followed by empathy, and extraversion.Conclusion: To strengthen the satisfaction of couples, especially women, it is suggested to organize educational programs that prioritize increasing knowledge of extraversion personality trait and strengthening positive traits such as empathy and forgiveness.
Alireza Azimpour; Fateme Nemati Habil; Habib Hadianfard
Abstract
Introduction: Despite the effects of inconstant and situational variables on aggression, relative constancy of aggression across life span was confirmed in some studies. The present study aimed to predict the university student’s aggression according to intelligence, temperament dimensions and ...
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Introduction: Despite the effects of inconstant and situational variables on aggression, relative constancy of aggression across life span was confirmed in some studies. The present study aimed to predict the university student’s aggression according to intelligence, temperament dimensions and attachment styles as constant individual variables. Method: The population of the study was Salman Farsi University of Kazerun’s students, that 266 of them were selected by convenience sampling. For gathering data Buss-Perry Aggression questionnaire (Buss & Perry,1992), Temperament and Character inventory (Cloninger, et al., 1994), Adult attachment Inventory (Besharat,2011), The Cultural Fair Intelligence Test III (Cattel,1957) and Marlowe-Crown Social desirability scale (Crown and Marlowe,1960) were used. After controlling the effect of social desirability by partial correlation method, the variables with significant relationships to general aggression were considered for regression analysis with a stepwise method to predict the aggression. Results: Correlation coefficients indicated that aggression positively correlated to avoidant and ambivalent attachment, novel seeking, harm avoidance, and persistence. Besides according to the output of the regression avoidant and ambivalent attachment, harm-avoidance besides social desirability could predict 47% of aggression, although 16% of it was pertinent to social desirably responding. Conclusions: It can be concluded that among normal university students, the weight of constant individual variables to predict aggression is not so much, and perhaps the other residual variance of aggression could be explained by situational or more acquired variables. Considerable to the little role of long-term personality variables, the expectation of modifiability and treatment of student’s aggression by intervention would be increased.
Elham Saeedi; Hasan Sabourimoghadam; Touraj Hashemi
Abstract
Introduction: This research aimed to predict the relationship between emotional intelligence and anger rumination with aggression Method: The research was a correlation method. The population was all students of Tabriz University and 377 students were selected by multistage cluster sampling. They answered ...
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Introduction: This research aimed to predict the relationship between emotional intelligence and anger rumination with aggression Method: The research was a correlation method. The population was all students of Tabriz University and 377 students were selected by multistage cluster sampling. They answered questionnaires of Bar-on emotional intelligence questionnaire (1997), Bass and Perry aggression questionnaire (1992), and Sukhodolsky et al. anger rumination questionnaire (2001). The data were analyzed by multiple regression. Results: Data analysis showed that emotional intelligence and anger rumination were able to significantly predict aggression changes, while emotional intelligence negatively and anger rumination had a positive role in explaining aggression. Beta coefficients indicated that emotional intelligence with the highest value (-0.64) had a greater role in explaining aggression Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be deduced that aggression is influenced by cognitive and emotion management and control factors and it is necessary to emphasize cognitive and emotional skills.
Social Psychology
Taherh Golestanibakht; Ensiyeh Babaie; Meraj Karimi; Abbas Ahmadi
Abstract
Introduction: In all societies, the behavior of children and adolescents is one of the main concerns of the education system and families and social adjustment is the most important aspect of social development that is related to different people as well as career and academic success. This study ...
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Introduction: In all societies, the behavior of children and adolescents is one of the main concerns of the education system and families and social adjustment is the most important aspect of social development that is related to different people as well as career and academic success. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between self-compassion and optimism in students: the mediating role of social adjustment.Method: The present study was correlated in terms of the applied nature and design of the present study. The statistical population of the present study included all-female high school students in the city of Islamshahr in the academic year 2021-2022, according to Cochran's formula, 378 people were selected by available sampling to participate in the study. Data were collected using the Self-Compassion Questionnaire (2003), Gettersum Optimism (1982), and the Bell Social Adjustment Questionnaire (1961). Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis method in structural equations were used to analyze the data.Results: The results showed that self-compassion, optimism, and social adjustment have a significant positive correlation (p<0.01). The social adjustment also mediated the relationship between self-compassion and optimism.Conclusion: Based on the research findings, social adjustment can be improved by designing programs based on improving optimism and self-compassion.
Maryam Ofsieh Zadeh; Azadeh Farghadani; Fatemeh Shaterian Mohammadi
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed at modeling sexual assertiveness in married women based on behavioral systems with the mediating role of social exchange styles.
Methods: This study was conducted using a correlational design. The statistical population was all married female students of Islamic Azad University, ...
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Introduction: This study aimed at modeling sexual assertiveness in married women based on behavioral systems with the mediating role of social exchange styles.
Methods: This study was conducted using a correlational design. The statistical population was all married female students of Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch. A total of 300 students were selected using purposive sampling. The participants completed the Hulbert Sexual Assertiveness Questionnaire (1992), the Carver and White's BIS/BAS scales (1994), and the Leybman's Social Exchange Styles Questionnaire (2011). Data were analyzed based on structural equations.
Results: Results showed that behavioral inhibition has a significant negative effect on sexual assertiveness (p<0.01). In addition, in the analysis of indirect effects, the behavioral activation system had a positive effect on sexual assertiveness through fairness (p<0.01), tracking (p<0.01), and individualism (p<0.05) and the behavioral inhibition system hurt sexual assertiveness of women through overinvestment, benefit-seeking, fairness and Individualism (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Behavioral activation and inhibition can point to the different functions of social exchange styles in sexual assertiveness in women. Therefore examining the mediating role of social exchange Styles provides more detailed information about the impact of this variable on different dimensions of sexual relations in women.
Social Psychology
manochehr azkhosh; ghazal salimi; parvin jafari; Roya mersa
Abstract
Introduction: Couples facing infidelity often suffer severe emotional trauma. To investigate the relationship between moral intelligence, perfectionism, and attitudes toward extramarital relationships in married men, we conducted a study.
method: The present research is a correlational study of the ...
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Introduction: Couples facing infidelity often suffer severe emotional trauma. To investigate the relationship between moral intelligence, perfectionism, and attitudes toward extramarital relationships in married men, we conducted a study.
method: The present research is a correlational study of the structural equation model type. The statistical population consisted of 100 married men from Kermanshah in 2022. The sampling method used was availability. Data collection tools included the moral intelligence questionnaires of Lenik and Keel (2005), Whatley's (2008) attitude scale towards extramarital relationships, and Hill's (2004) perfectionism scale. Data analysis was done in two parts: descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equations) using SPSS 25 and PLS 3 statistical software.
Findings: The results of the findings showed a negative and significant relationship between moral intelligence and attitude towards extramarital relationships (r=-0.274 and p05/0>), and a significant negative relationship between moral intelligence and perfectionism (r=-0.251 and p05/0>), there is a positive and significant relationship between perfectionism and attitude towards extramarital relationships (r = 0.234 and p05/0>), as well as a negative and significance relationship between moral intelligence and attitude towards extramarital relationships with the mediating role of perfectionism (r=-0.059 and p05/0>).
Conclusion: Moral intelligence is related to perfectionism and extramarital relationships, and high moral intelligence can predict the positive aspects of perfectionism and a more negative attitude towards extramarital relationships.
mahboobeh moosivand; mansoureh zarean; maryam kaboli
Abstract
Introduction: This research aimed to look at the impact of academic success and identity on Internet addiction, with depression acting as a moderator. In terms of design and descriptive-correlation method, the applied form was the least partial least squares, and the research method was structural equation ...
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Introduction: This research aimed to look at the impact of academic success and identity on Internet addiction, with depression acting as a moderator. In terms of design and descriptive-correlation method, the applied form was the least partial least squares, and the research method was structural equation modeling.
Methods:The statistical population consisted of all students at Tehran universities, and the sample size was 323 people using a random sampling system. Brzonsky (1992) Identity Styles, Chen Internet Addiction (2011), Zhong Depression (1968), and Academic Performance questionnaires were used to gather research results.
Results: According to the findings of structural equation modeling, academic success and identity explained 25% of the variance in depression and 32% of the variance in Internet addiction. Identity styles and academic success have a substantial negative impact on students' Internet addiction, while loneliness has a significant positive effect.
Conclusion. Depression acts as a moderator in the relationship between personality forms and academic success and students' Internet addiction
somayeh Gholami; Narges Abbaszadegan
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this research is to analyze the phenomenon of identity cloaking under the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in second grade high school students in Bandar-lengeh.This research was carried out qualitatively and in a grounded method. Method: The research area in this study is ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this research is to analyze the phenomenon of identity cloaking under the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in second grade high school students in Bandar-lengeh.This research was carried out qualitatively and in a grounded method. Method: The research area in this study is all second-grade female secondary school students covered by the Relief Committee. A total of 20 students covered in the research participated in the study, which became accessible to theoretical saturation by targeted sampling. Then the data were analyzed by the method suggested by Strauss & Corbin consisting of coding (open, pivotal & optional). Result: A total of 50 and finally 33 initial codes were obtained from the interviews, and in the later stages of the analysis, the main phenomenon called identity concealment, contexts, causes, strategies and consequences were extracted from the interviews. Damage to respect is the avoidance of ridicule and the rejection of the causes of secrecy. The ground conditionis exposed in front of the people in higher social class. The school environment is a place where these students are vital that classmates and teachers do not notice. Conclusion: These problems that facing these citizens show that should be more invistigated about changing society's attitude towards the poor as people with social credibility; something can also be found in religious believe.
hajar barati; hamidreza oreyzi
Abstract
Introduction: Psychological reactance theory assumes that individuals, when receiving a message that threatens their freedom; react by resisting that message. Landlords tend to set their rental price themselves. At the time of the corona, when the government set a lower rate to increase annual rents; ...
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Introduction: Psychological reactance theory assumes that individuals, when receiving a message that threatens their freedom; react by resisting that message. Landlords tend to set their rental price themselves. At the time of the corona, when the government set a lower rate to increase annual rents; there was a good opportunity to test this assumption. There are two patterns of psychological reactance, one involving the threat to freedom (Dillard and Shen, 2005) and the other without it (Lindsay, 20005), that the present study aims to compare them.Method: The research sample consisted of 395 landlords from Isfahan, Baharestan and Sepahan Shahr who were selected by convenience sampling method and responded to research tools including scales of attitude (Morgan and Miller, 2002), Behavioral Intention (Morgan, 2008), Freedom Threat (Dillard & Shen (2005); Lindsay (2005)), Psychological Reactance (Dillard & Shen, 2005), Reactance Restoration Scale (RRS) (Quick and Stephenson,2008), Source Appraisal (Miller et al., 2007), Anger (Dillard & Shen, 2005), and Negative Cognition (Dillard & Shen, 2005). Structural equation models (SEM) and item-response theory models (IRM) have been used to analyze the data.Results: The results showed that Dillard and Shen's (2005) model had good fitness and had better fitness than Lindsey (2005) model. Psychological reactance, in addition to affecting other variables (motivation, attitude, and source of evaluation); It reproduces anger and negative cognition, and considering these two emotional and cognitive components improves the structural features of the model. If a psychological reactance is considered without these components; the structural model has a low fit.Conclusion: Messengers are advised to formulate and present the message in a way that provokes less psychological reactance to achieve less anger and negative cognition.
Social Psychology
Zhaleh Koohboomi; Mohammad Ghamari; Simin Hosseinian
Abstract
Introduction: Domestic violence against women is a serious and major concern for public health. The reports show that domestic violence has become an epidemic due to the spread of the Coronavirus and home quarantine. A systematic research review indicates a stable relationship between resilience and ...
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Introduction: Domestic violence against women is a serious and major concern for public health. The reports show that domestic violence has become an epidemic due to the spread of the Coronavirus and home quarantine. A systematic research review indicates a stable relationship between resilience and coping styles with life quality and domestic violence. So far, no study has investigated these variables' relationships in the form of a comprehensive model. This study aimed to determine the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between coping styles with quality of life and domestic violence against women in the Coronavirus quarantine period.
Method: The correlational research design was structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the study included all married women in Karaj from the beginning of October to the end of November 2020. Accordingly, 241 people were evaluated online and through virtual networks using the Coping Styles Questionnaire developed by Billings &Mouse, the Quality of Life Questionnaire by WHO, the Resilience Scales by Connor & Davidson, and the Violence Towards Women Inventory by Haj-Yahia. Pearson correlation and structural equations were used to analyze the data.
Results: The findings indicate that coping styles, resilience, and domestic violence against women have a significant positive correlation(P<0.01). In addition, coping styles and life quality have a negative correlation (P<0.05), and resilience and life quality have a significant positive correlation(P<0.01). Resilience also has a mediating role in the relationship between coping styles and life quality.
Conclusion: Coping and resilience styles are among the main factors affecting life quality and domestic violence against women; therefore, couples and family specialists should pay more attention to them in prevention and treatment programs.
Social Psychology
Majid Saffarinia; Ahmad Alipoor; Hossein zare; Mohsen Zalizadeh
Abstract
AbstractIntroduction: Attention to the emotional and social abilities of adolescents, especially for people with high-risk behaviors has always been the focus of researchers. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of (observer, discoverer, and values advisor) model training on socio-emotional ...
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AbstractIntroduction: Attention to the emotional and social abilities of adolescents, especially for people with high-risk behaviors has always been the focus of researchers. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of (observer, discoverer, and values advisor) model training on socio-emotional competence and social problem-solving of adolescents with high-risk behaviors.Method: This was a quasi-experimental research with a pre-test and post-test with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population includes all male secondary school students in Dezful who were studying in the academic year 2020-2021 and were selected by a multi-stage random sampling method based on the completion of the high-risk behavior questionnaire (Zadeh Mohammadi, Ahmadabadi, Heydari 2010) from which 40 people were randomly assigned in two groups. Before the intervention, as a pre-test, both groups were assessed with socio-emotional competence (Zou et al. 2012) and social problem solving (Dzurila et al. 2002) questionnaires. The experimental group was exposed to the model training for eight sessions. Then, in the post-test stage, both groups answered the research questionnaires. The data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance.Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups; the control (without intervention) and the experimental (observer, explorer, consultant model) in terms of the effect on the variables of socio-emotional competence and social problem-solving.Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of the observer, explorer, and values advisor model on the promotion of socio-emotional competence and social problem-solving of adolescents with high-risk behavior, it is worthy that this model be considered as one of the new and practical tools by researchers and educational institutions.
Social Psychology
mohamad hojati; mohamad abasi; ezatolah ghadampour
Abstract
Introduction: Aggressive behavior is one of the problems that negatively affects teenagers, especially their growth and academic performance. The aim of the present study was to modeling of aggression in school based on family functioning, neuroticism, and school climate with the mediating role of belief ...
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Introduction: Aggressive behavior is one of the problems that negatively affects teenagers, especially their growth and academic performance. The aim of the present study was to modeling of aggression in school based on family functioning, neuroticism, and school climate with the mediating role of belief about aggression, empathy, and school attachment among students. Method: The research method was correlation and structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all middle school male students (second period) in Harsin county in the academic year 2021-2022, number 1918, and 450 were randomly selected as a sample. Research data was collected with the McMaster family measurement questionnaires (Baldwin and Bishab, 1983), the school climate and identity questionnaire (Lee et al., 2017), the Neo personality questionnaire (McCree and Costa, 1985), the scale Revised Belief About Aggression (Campbell, Munser, McManius, & Woodhouse, 1999), Adolescent Empathy Questionnaire (Wozen et al., 2015), School Attachment Questionnaire (Moton, DeVaya, & Glazier, 1993), Aggression scale (Orpinas and Frankosky, 2001). Data were analyzed using the structural equation method in spss27 and amos27 software packages.Findings: The structural equation model supported the hypotheses that family functioning, neuroticism, school climate, belief about aggression, empathy, and school attachment all have causal effects on students' aggression in school. Conclusion: According to the research findings, family functioning, neuroticism, school climate, belief about aggression, empathy and school attachment play an essential role in students' aggression in school.
Social Psychology
Parisa Nematzadeh soteh; Hosseinali Ghannadzadegan; seyedeh olia emadian
Abstract
Introduction: The present research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of procrastination-based cognitive-behavioral training and cognitive motivational multidimensional intervention on procrastination of secondary school students with addicted parents in Babolsar.Method: ...
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Introduction: The present research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of procrastination-based cognitive-behavioral training and cognitive motivational multidimensional intervention on procrastination of secondary school students with addicted parents in Babolsar.Method: The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up period with an unequal control group, and the statistical population of the study was all students with addicted parents in the second secondary level of Babolsar and their parents were studying in the academic year of 2001-2001. 45 people were selected as a sample and were placed in two experimental groups and a control group of 15 people and answered the academic procrastination questionnaire of Solomon and Roth Bloom (1984), research and cognitive behavioral training based on procrastination, and multidimensional cognitive motivational intervention. The test was carried on for two groups and the control group was kept waiting. The data was analyzed by the method of analysis of variance with repeated measurements.Findings: The findings showed that 78% changes in procrastination scores, 62% changes in homework preparation scores, 63.6% changes in exam preparation scores, and 59.2% changes in essay preparation scores during the pre-test, post-, test and follow-up stages, it was caused by cognitive behavioral training based on procrastination (P<0.05). Also, the findings showed that 73.7% changes in procrastination scores, 58.6% changes in homework preparation scores, 46.2% changes in exam preparation scores, and 44.3% changes in preparation scores during the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages, the article was due to the multidimensional intervention of cognitive motivation (P<0.05).Conclusion: Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that cognitive behavioral training based on procrastination and cognitive motivational multidimensional intervention has a significant effect (P<0.05) on the procrastination of secondary school students with addicted parents.
Social Psychology
Hossein Rezapour; Mansoureh Bahramipour Isfahani; Hajar Turkan
Abstract
Introduction: Social anxiety is one of the most debilitating anxiety disorders, the symptoms of which begin at the beginning of adolescence and continue until the later periods of development. This disorder creates disorders in personal life, beliefs, interactions, work life, and other functional aspects ...
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Introduction: Social anxiety is one of the most debilitating anxiety disorders, the symptoms of which begin at the beginning of adolescence and continue until the later periods of development. This disorder creates disorders in personal life, beliefs, interactions, work life, and other functional aspects of a person. Therefore, identifying effective interventions in patients is of particular importance. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of behavioral activation and mode deactivation therapies on antisocial core beliefs and solving the social problem of 15-18-year-old boys with high social anxiety.Method: The current research was a semi-experimental type of pre-test, post-test, and a two-month follow-up period with a control group. The statistical population included all students aged 15 to 18 with social anxiety in the 2nd education district of Isfahan in the academic years 2021 and 2022. For this purpose, using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method, 600 students were screened from among boys' high schools in the 2nd education district of Isfahan by implementing Paklak's social anxiety scale adolescent (2004). They were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (20 people each) and a control group (20 people). The people in the experimental groups participated in parallel and simultaneous treatment sessions of behavioral activation and mode deactivation; But for the control group, there was no intervention. The measurement tools included short form-compound core beliefs questionnaire by Apsche & De-Meo (2012) and a social problem-solving inventory by Drzila et al. (2002). To analyze the data, the statistical method of analysis of variance of repeated measurements and Bonferroni's posthoc test was used in SPSS-24 software.Findings: The results showed that behavioral activation therapy on social problem solving and mode deactivation therapy on antisocial core beliefs had stronger effectiveness than other treatment methods for 15-18-year-old boys with social anxiety and the effects of the interventions were stable over time (p<0.01).Conclusion: The findings of this research emphasize the importance of paying attention to antisocial core beliefs and social solving problems in adolescents with high social anxiety and have important practical implications for therapeutic interventions for adolescents with social anxiety.
Hojjattollah Rashid Kolvir; Parastoo Hassanzadeh; Hassan Akbari
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this research was the comparison of place attachment, psychological reactance, and social well-being in residents of private homes and apartments in Rasht city.
Method: The research was kind of causal-comparative and its sample was composed of 100 women and men residents of ...
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Introduction: The aim of this research was the comparison of place attachment, psychological reactance, and social well-being in residents of private homes and apartments in Rasht city.
Method: The research was kind of causal-comparative and its sample was composed of 100 women and men residents of private homes and apartments in Rasht city that were selected by purposeful sampling method. Research tools included Place Attachment Scale (Saffarinia, 2011), Psychological Reactance Scale (Hong & Faedda, 1996), and Social Well-being Scale (Keyes, 1998). For analyzing data was used of one-way and multivariate variance analysis.
Finding: The results indicated that place attachment, psychological reactance, and social well-being had significant differences (p<0.05) in residents of private homes and apartments in Rasht city. In other words, residents of private homes had more place attachment and social well-being than apartment residents and apartment residents had more psychological reactance than residents of private homes.
Conclusion: According to the research results, to increase the place attachment and social well-being and reduce the negative psychological reaction of the apartment residents, it is necessary to plan and design the place in such a manner to create perceptual-emotional experiences and positive cognitive, emotional, and behavioral connections.
Social Psychology
yousef jalali; hossein eskandari; ahmad borjali; faramarz sohrabi; mohammad asgari
Abstract
Introduction: There is numerous evidence showing the fundamental behavioral changes in Iranian adolescents. These changes can probably be attributed to their identity issues. The aim of this study was to identify and validate the psychosocial model of Iranian adolescents' identity and determine its probable ...
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Introduction: There is numerous evidence showing the fundamental behavioral changes in Iranian adolescents. These changes can probably be attributed to their identity issues. The aim of this study was to identify and validate the psychosocial model of Iranian adolescents' identity and determine its probable relationship with their behavioral changes.Method: The approach of this study was mixed. The narrative research was used in the qualitative phase and the correlation method was used in the quantitative phase. In the qualitative phase, the population consisted of male adolescents aged 15-20 years old, as well as psychologists and sociologists in Tehran in 2020. Nineteen adolescents were selected by volunteer sampling and six specialists by purposive sampling. In the quantitative phase, the population consisted of adolescents aged 15-20 years old in Tehran in 2020, from which 218 people were selected by volunteer sampling. In the qualitative phase, data were collected through the life story interview (McAdams, 1995) and in the quantitative phase by a researcher-made questionnaire. In the qualitative phase, data were analyzed through the content analysis method and in the quantitative phase through the confirmatory factor analysis.Findings: The results of content analysis as well as factor analysis indicated the master-narrative model of adolescents includes components such as family belonging, adherence to religious values and obedience to parents, and the counter-narrative model includes the voluntary lifestyle, sense of uniqueness, independence-seeking and competitiveness.Conclusion: behavioral changes of Iranian male adolescents can be attributed to two main factors: 1- Conflict between some components of their counter-narrative and master-narrative 2- The relatively extreme status of some components of their narratives.